Cell Cycle
The stage in which the cell grows and copies its DNA before moving into mitosis.
Interphase
Control mechanisms that ensure the fidelity of cell division.
Checkpoints
A protein that binds to a signaling molecule and initiates a cellular response.
Receptor
The second stage of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up at the center of the cell.
Metaphase
A regulatory mechanism in which a change in a controlled variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change. Maintains homeostasis
Negative Feedback
The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells.
Cytokinesis
Regulatory proteins that control the progression of the cell cycle.
Cyclins
The process by which a cell converts an extracellular signal into a cellular response.
Signal Transduction
The first stage of mitosis, during which the chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
Prophase
A regulatory mechanism in which a change in a controlled variable triggers a response that amplifies the initial change.
Positive Feedback
The synthesis phase of the cell cycle, during which the cell replicates its DNA.
S phase
Enzymes that activate or inactivate other proteins by phosphorylating them.
CDKs
A small molecule that relays a signal from a receptor to other proteins in the cell.
Second messenger
The third stage of mitosis, during which the sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.
Anaphase
this hormone is used to stimulate hair and muscle growth, and acts as a negative feedback mechanism
Testosterone
The second growth phase of the cell cycle, during which the cell continues to grow and prepares for mitosis.
G2
This is formed when cyclins and CDKs bind
Maturation Promoting Factor
A series of protein kinases that phosphorylate each other in sequence, amplifying the original signal.
Kinase/Phosphorylation Cascade
The fourth and final stage of mitosis, during which the chromosomes decondense and the nuclear envelope reforms.
Telophase
As the body temperature falls, the stimulus for the cooling mechanisms decreases, preventing overcooling.
This is an example of what type of feedback
Negative
These are formed during cytokinesis to aid plant and animal cells in dividing
Cleavage furrow and cell plate
The amount of these are constant in our cells
CDKs
A protein that binds to DNA and regulates gene expression.
Transcription Factor
This phase occurs before mitosis
interphase
Blood clotting, fruit ripening, childbirth and lacatation are all forms of what type of feedback
Positive