Interphase
The entire process of cell growth and division is referred to as the:
What is the cell cycle?
What are the two main types of stem cells?
Adult and embryonic
Mitosis is also known as ______ division or division of the ______.
What is nuclear division, or division of the nucleus?
Cytokinesis is the division of the ________.
What is the cytoplasm?
Phase where DNA is replicated (copied)
Uncontrolled cell growth and division leads to this disease.
What is cancer?
This is the process by which stem cells become specialized and take on specific functions.
What is the differentiation?
During anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart by this structure.
What are spindle fibers?
This type of cell completes cytokinesis by forming a cleavage furrow and pinching into two cells.
What are animal cells?
Phase of normal growth and function
What is Gap 1 (G1)?
When a cell fails to pass checkpoints, it may be killed to protect the health of the cells around it. This is referred to as:
What is apoptosis?
This is the condensed form of DNA that is seen during late prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and early telophase.
What are chromosomes?
During this phase, chromosomes are lined up across the middle of the cell.
What is metaphase?
Plant cells complete cytokinesis differently than animal cells because of this organelle.
What is the cell wall?
Phase of growth to prepare for division
What is Gap 2 (G2)?
In eukaryotic cells, cytokinesis is preceded by nuclear division, aka __________.
What is mitosis?
Once DNA is replicated and condensed into chromosomes, identical copies known by this name are held together by a centromere.
What are sister chromatids?
If a cell completes this phase but not cytokinesis, it will have two nuclei.
What is telophase?
List the phases of mitosis from start to finish.
What are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Throughout the cell cycle, cells pass through _________________ to ensure they are healthy and ready to move onto the next stage.
What are checkpoints?
Checkpoints occur throughout the cell cycle to ensure healthy cell growth and division. These checkpoints are controlled by what type of macromolecule?
Proteins
If a cell exits the cell cycle, it is said to be in this phase.
What is G0?
During this phase, a cell's nuclear membrane breaks down while its DNA condenses into chromosomes.
What is prophase?
At the end of telophase, chromosomes uncoil and become this form of loose DNA.
What is a chromatin?