Cell Communication
How many ways do cells communicate through
3 different types
What type of feedback loops are there
Positive and Negative
What are the 3 stages of interphase
G1, S, G2
How many main stages in Mitosis
4 stages
This is the first phase of interphase, where a cell grows, performs normal functions, and prepares to duplicate its DNA.
G1
What are the 3 types of cell-to-cell communication called
Direct Contact, Local signaling, Long-distance signaling
Is negative or positive feedback more common
Negative
Longest phase of the cell cycle
Interphase
In what stage are the chromosomes pulled apart
Anaphase
What do control points do
Receive stop/go signals
Cells use these chemical messengers—like hormones and neurotransmitters—to send signals to other cells over short or long distances.
ligands
This type of feedback loop works to maintain stability by counteracting changes in a system, like how body temperature is regulated.
negative feedback loop
This is the orderly series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide.
cell cycle
In what stage(s) do the 2 daughter cells separate
Telophase (and Cytokenesis)
What stage do cells sometimes remain in
G0
What is Direct contact
Cell to cell communication through cell junctions
What does positive feedback do
Increases the effect of stimulus
What happens in the S stage
When does crossing over happen
not in mitosis
What does the G2 checkpoint do
Checks for completion of DNA replication and damage
What is used for long-distance signaling
Hormones
What is an effector
Muscle or gland that responds to stimulus
Result of Mitosis
2 identical daughter cells
What are spindle fibers used for
To pull apart chromosomes
These regulatory proteins accumulate and degrade in a cell-cycle–specific pattern, binding to CDKs to control progression through the different phases of the cell cycle.
Cyclins