Cell Types and Cell Theory
Which of the two kinds of cells is small and does not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles?
Prokaryote
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Produces ATP (energy) for the organism using glucose
Which of the two main types of transport requires energy?
Active transport
Describe the structure of the plasma membrane.
Phospholipid bilayer
If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, in which direction will water move? (into the cell, out of the cell, or in both directions)
out of the cell
Which of the two kinds of cells is large and does have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles?
Eukaryote
What is the function of the nucleolus?
Produces ribosomes
List the three types of passive transport discussed in class.
Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Osmosis
List two functions of the cell membrane.
Maintain cell shape
Control movement of particles into and out of the cell
Protect the cell
Cell communication
If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, in which direction will water move? (into the cell, out of the cell, or in both directions)
into the cell
What are the four structures that all cells share?
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Plasma (or cell) membrane
Genetic material/DNA
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
The mailroom of the cell: receives materials from the endoplasmic reticulums, processes these materials, and sends them out to necessary destinations.
Which type of passive transport involves the movement of water across the cell membrane?
Osmosis
What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?
Providing support/structure for the cell
If a cell is placed in a isotonic solution, in which direction will water move? (into the cell, out of the cell, or in both directions)
in both directions
What is ATP?
Energy produced and used by the cell
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Synthesizes lipids, detoxifies drugs and poisons (including alcohol)
Engulfment of large particles into the cell
Type of bulk transport
What are the three types of cytoskeleton?
Microtubules
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
The concentration of a solute inside of the cell is 50%, while the concentration of the solute outside of the cell is 45%. In which direction will the water go?
Into the cell
What are the three parts of the cell theory?
All living things are made of cells
All cells come from preexisting cells
Cells are the basic unit of life
What is the function of the lysosome?
Digestion/breaking down materials
Why don't plant cells burst when placed in a hypotonic solution?
Describe the fluid mosaic model.
The fluid mosaic model states that the cell membrane is flexible (not rigid) and is made of various types of molecules studded throughout the phospholipid bilayer.
When water crosses a membrane to dilute a solute, the goal is to reach an ________.
equilibrium