A mutation that occurs when a base pairs are placed into a gene or DNA sequence is called?
An addition/insertion
100
These are the building blocks of proteins.
What are amino acids?
200
The 4 nitrogen bases of DNA
What are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine?
200
The sequence of nucleotide bases on mRNA that would complement the following bases on DNA:
A T T C G C A G T
What is U A A G C G U C A
200
DNA is copied into a strand of RNA during this step of protein synthesis.
What is Transcription?
200
The type of mutation when only one base pair is changed.
point mutation
200
The bonds that link amino acids together.
What are peptide bonds?
300
Two things that happen in the nucleus involving DNA
What are DNA Replication and Transcription?
300
The 4 bases in RNA
A U C G
300
Anticodons and amino acids are found on this molecule that is involved in translation.
What is transfer RNA?
300
The type of mutation that occurs when a portion of DNA moves from one chromosome to a different chromosome.
What is a translocation?
300
These special types of proteins help to unzip DNA and match up complementary nucleotide bases during DNA replication and protein synthesis.
What are enzymes?
400
The three parts of the DNA nucleotide (building block)
What are deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group and nitrogen base?
400
Full names of the 3 main types of RNA used in protein synthesis.
Messenger RNA, Transfer RNA, and Ribosomal RNA
400
Groups of three bases on a mRNA molecule
What is a codon?
400
The type of mutation that happens when a base is either deleted or inserted, causing a change in the reading of codons and amino acids.
What is a frameshift?
400
A disease that results in a change in the shape of hemoglobin in red blood cells due to a point mutation.
What is sickle cell anemia?
500
The reason why DNA replication happens.
What is to pass on genetic information to other cells during cell division?
500
Two differences between the STRUCTURE of RNA and DNA.
What is DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded? What is RNA has RIbose and DNA has Deoxyribose? What is RNA has the base Uracil and DNA has the base Thymine?
500
Transcribe and Translate this DNA strand:
TAC CCA GGT ACT
met - gly - pro - STOP
500
The original strand of DNA is ACT TTG CGA
The mutated strand of DNA is ACT TTC GA
This is a _______________ mutation that causes a _________ of amino acids.
What is a deletion? What is a frameshift?
500
Why does DNA need to be transcribed into mRNA?
Ribosomes cannot read DNA, also DNA cannot fit through the nucleus