Abolitionists
Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin?
Harriet Beecher Stowe
The first machines of the Industrial Revolution were powered by what?
water
Which law punished Northern whites who did not help capture runaway slaves?
Fugitive Slave Act
What were some of the key points of the Compromise of 1850?
(California admitted as a ______ state.
_________ _________would settle future debate on how a state would enter the union.
Stricter ________ ________ law
No slave trade in ________________.)
•California admitted as a free state
•Popular sovereignty would settle future debate on how a state would enter the union
•Stricter fugitive slave law
•No slave trade in Washington, D.C.
The Dred Scott decision stated what?
that freed slaves were not United States citizens
What abolitionist published the newspaper called The Liberator?
William Lloyd Garrison
Who invented the cotton gin?
Eli Whitney
Definition: a religious song of a kind associated with black Christians of the southern US, and thought to derive from the combination of European hymns and African musical elements by black slaves.
spirituals
What was the purpose of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
(Repealed the __________ Compromise.
Created _______ new territories.
Allowed for _________ ___________.)
The act repealed the Missouri Compromise, created two new territories, and allowed for popular sovereignty.
Popular sovereignty, in U.S. history, is a controversial political idea that the power belongs to the _______.
people / states
What was a network of secret routes and safe houses established in the United States during the early to mid-19th century? It was used by enslaved African Americans primarily to escape into free states and Canada.
The Underground Railroad
How did the cotton boom lead to an increase in slave labor?
The need for slaves greatly increased and the number of slave states increased too. Plantations grew and the work became more strenuous.
True or False: Most white southerners were small farmers.
True
Missouri Compromise of 1820 was the first major controversy over ________.
Slavery
Describe in more detail the Supreme Court case Dred Scott v. Sandford.
•Dred Scott sued his slave owner for freedom after being taken north of the Missouri Compromise line.
•The Supreme Court rules in Scott v. Sandford that blacks are not U.S. citizens,
•Chief Justice Roger B. Taney says slaveholders have the right to take existing slaves into free areas of the county.
What were the two types of abolitionists?
1.Gradual Emancipation—slowly end slavery in the South
•Free 10% of slaves a year until all are freed
•Pay Southerners to free slaves because of economic need
2.Immediate Emancipation—get rid of slavery immediately
How is the Industrial Revolution best defined?
A period of rapid growth during which machines became essential to industry
Southern large-scale farmers who held more than 20 slaves were called ______?
Planters
What were some major questions that arose over the Missouri Compromise of 1820?
–Would Missouri come in as a slave state or a free state?
–Who determines whether a state is slave or free?
–Is slavery allowed in a territory?
–Are slaves property?
Who was elected president in 1860?
Lincoln
Who led the Underground Railroad?
Harriet Tubman
What were some of the results of the Transcontinental Railroad route?
•Kansas Territory became important because it would ask to become a state
•Douglas proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act territories would have slavery even though slavery should not have been discussed because of the Missouri Compromise not allowing states in these areas to become a slave state!
What were some of the main economic differences between the North and the South in the 1800’s?
North—industrial economy, trade
South—agricultural economy, slavery
What were the key parts of the Missouri Compromise?
(Hint: one state would be free, one state would be slave, and there was something special about the 36˚30’ latitude line in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase)
Missouri would be slave
Maine would be free
No slavery allowed 36˚30’ latitude line in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase
What political party did Lincoln belong to?
Republican