Memory Systems and Failures
This type of memory is for remembering to perform a planned action in the future.
What is prospective memory?
The process of accessing information from memory storage.
What is retrieval?
This motivation comes from inside an individual, such as personal enjoyment
What is intrinsic motivation?
The humanistic psychologist who emphasized unconditional positive regard and the concept of the fully functioning person.
Who is Carl Rogers?
This eerie sense of familiarity with a new situation, which some memory researchers attribute to a brief neurological delay in processing.
What is déjà vu?
The brief, photographic sensory memory for visual stimuli.
What is iconic memory?
Daily double! This effect describes our tendency to remember the first and last items in a list best.
What is the serial position effect (primacy/recency)?
The brain structure that regulates hunger and thirst.
What is the hypothalamus?
A readiness to perceive oneself favorably, such as by attributing successes to ourselves and failures to outside forces.
What is self-serving bias?
This defense mechanism involves retreating to an earlier, more infantile stage of development under stress.
What is regression?
This type of long-term memory is for skills and "how-to" knowledge, like riding a bike.
What is procedural memory?
The frustrating experience of knowing a piece of information but being unable to retrieve it fully.
What is retrieval failure (or the "tip-of-the-tongue" phenomenon)?
The theory that the body has a genetically influenced "weight thermostat" to maintain a stable weight.
What is set point theory?
OCEAN is an acronym for which personality test that you took?
The "Big 5" Personality Test
In Freud's model, this part of the personality operates on the pleasure principle.
the ID
The inability to form new memories after a brain injury.
What is anterograde amnesia?
This German psychologist pioneered the experimental study of memory using nonsense syllables and the forgetting curve.
Who is Hermann Ebbinghaus?
The effect where an expected external reward (like money) can undermine intrinsic motivation for a fun activity.
What is the overjustification effect?
The tendency to accept vague, general personality descriptions as uniquely accurate for oneself. Useful for understanding why folks fall into the trap of believing horoscopes.
the Barnum effect
According to Freud, the part of the personality that mediates between the id and reality, using the reality principle.
the Ego
This theory suggests that forgetting is caused by competing memories, either from the past (proactive) or the future (retroactive).
What is the interference theory?
Explain "priming" in your own words
The unconscious activation of particular associations in memory, which then influences perception or response.
He conducted groundbreaking and controversial surveys on human sexual behavior in the mid-20th century.
Who is Alfred Kinsey?
Describe an internal vs external locus of control
internal- I MAKE things happen
External- things happen to ME
This projective test asks people to create stories about ambiguous scenes to reveal unconscious motives.
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)?