Electron Configuration
Write the noble gas configuration for nitrogen.
[He] 2s2 2p3
This quantum number is represented by l and includes the shapes s, p, d, and f.
Angular momentum quantum number
List 3 properties of metals.
Ductile, malleable, luster, conductive, mostly solids
Across a period (left to right), atomic radius __________, while down a group (top to bottom, atomic radius ___________.
Decreases, increases
Which of the following has the highest ionization energy? K Sr Ca Rb
(Extra 100 pts if you can explain why)
Ca, less shields than Rb & Sr, more p+ than K
What is the full electron configuration for chromium?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d4
How many electrons can be held in the 3rd energy level?
18
Sodium wants to lose 1 electron to become stable, giving it a +1 charge.
Phosphorus wants to _____ ____ electrons to become stable, giving it a ___ charge.
What trends (name 2) increase from left to right and decrease from top to bottom?
Electronegativity and ionization energy (will also accept nonmetal reactivity)
Which of the following has the smallest radius? Cl S F O
(Extra 100 pts if you can explain why)
F, less shields than Cl & S, more p+ than O
Draw the orbital notation for sulfur.
1s ^v 2s ^v 2p ^v ^v ^v 3s ^v 3p ^v ^ ^
How many orbitals are found in an f sublevel?
7
Identify the element with 7 valence electrons in the 3rd period.
Chlorine
What is the most reactive group of metals?
Alkali metals (group 1)
Which of the following has the lowest electronegativity? Al B C Si
(Extra 100 pts if you can explain why)
Al, more shields than B & C, less p+ than Si
State the Paula Exclusion Principle.
Each orbital can hold 2 electrons, but only if they have opposite spin.
What does the principle quantum number tell you about an electron?
Distance from the nucleus (size of orbital)
What do all elements in the same group have in common? (list 2)
same number of valence electrons; same oxidation number; similar chemical properties
Magnesium has a higher ionization energy than strontium. Explain.
Magnesium has less shielding than strontium. Its nucleus has a stronger hold on the valence electrons, requiring more energy to remove them.
Which of the following is the most reactive? Te, Po At, I
(Extra 100 pts if you can explain why)
Nonmetals want to gain electrons to be stable = more attraction makes them more reactive
I, less shields than Po & At, more p+ than Te
Draw an orbital notation that violates Hund's rule.
Answers will vary -
1s ^v 2s ^v 2p ^v
What does the magnetic quantum number tell you about an electron?
Its axis in space
What are the two rows called at the bottom of the periodic table?
Lanthanides and Actinides (or inner transition metals)
Fluorine is smaller than oxygen. Explain why.
Fluorine has a higher nuclear charge, so its strong nucleus is pulling the electrons in closer to it, making it smaller.
Which of the following is the least reactive? Rb Cs Sr Ba
(Extra 100 pts if you can explain why)
Metals want to lose electrons to be stable = less attraction makes them more reactive
Sr, less shields than Cs & Ba, more p+ than Rb