Anomalous Anatomy
This condition is associated with pain, pallor, paresthesia, pulselessness, and paralysis of a limb after there has been an obstruction of venous outflow leading to a build up of pressure
What is compartment syndrome?
This is the most common primary benign bone tumor.
What is osteochondroma?
The optimal length for maximal contraction force
What is 120% of the resting length?
The failure to seek medical care or treatments for a health condition, which if left untreated could become severe and lead to permanent impairment to the child.
What is Medical neglect?
This is the term for replacing a torn ACL with a graft from another source (i.e. BPTB, allograft, quad graft)
What is ACL Reconstruction?
A positive varus test on the right knee indicates that this ligament has been damaged
What is the Lateral Cruciate Ligament?
A young male patient presents to the ER with recurrent pain in the bones near the knee. Upon questioning you find that the pain increases at night, but they are able to alleviate it with aspirin. This is the most likely condition of this patient.
What is osteoid osteoma?
Calcium binds to this protein to allow myosin and actin to interact to establish muscle contraction
What is troponin C?
These are two possibilities that will increase the likelihood of IPV turning into a homicide
What are Strangulation, threats of suicide or murder from perpetrator, use of weapons, etc.?
A football player is struck in the knee and tackled to the ground. An audible pop is heard. When he is examined later it is determined that he has all the characteristics of the "Unhappy triad" which include these parts of the knee.
What is the ACL, MCL, medial meniscus
A patient presents with tingling, numbness, and occassional pain on the thenar side of their right hand. When the wrist is percussed, the tingling increases. This nerve is compressed in this condition (tell me the nerve and the condition)
What are the median nerve and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
This artery is commonly compressed in avascular necrosis
What is the Medial Femoral Circumflex Artery?
Skeletal muscle of the trunk and limbs are derived from this segmented tissue, which is in turn derived from this specific embryonic tissue.
What are somites and Paraxial mesoderm?
Pressure sores
These are the 3 sources of sensory information that informs one's posture
What are proprioception, vestibular system, visual input?
A patient comes to your clinic due to an abnormal walking gait they've been experiencing. When they walk in front of you, they're left hip appears to drop down. This is the name of the sign that is being presented. Additionally, these muscles are primarily affected (include side), and this is the nerve that has most likely been damaged to cause these symptoms.
What is Trendelenburg sign, the right gluteus medius and minimus, and what is the superior gluteal nerve?
A white 12 year old male patient appears to the clinic will significant pain in the middle of their femur. When a biopsy is made, small blue cells are present along with a layering of the periosteum on X-ray. This is the translocation seen in this condition.
What is a 11:22 translocation? (EWS-FLI1 Fusion)
This protein is important for direct relaxation of myosin in muscle fibers that have heads traveling in opposing directions on opposite sides of the myofiber
What is Myosin Light Chain Phosphatase (MLCP)?
These are the primary areas to look for for "Red Flag" injury patterns in physical abuse.
What are TEN-4 FACES?
Torso, Ear, Neck, Frenulum, Angle of Jaw, Cheek, Eyelids, Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
These bacteria are able to grow in the upper portion of thioglycolate medium in a test tube
What are facultative anaerobic and aerobic bacteria?
This is the proper path for drainage of blood from the dorsal venous arch into the rest of the circulatory system through the lateral aspect of the leg
What is:
dorsal venous arch --> Samll saphenous vein --> Popliteal vein --> femoral vein
A patient presents to the emergency room with knee pain. On X-ray a sunburst and codman triangle is seen. These are three conditions or prior events that made this disease more likely.
Previous radiation, Familial Retinoblastoma, Li Fraumeni Syndrome, Paget's Disease, other familial cancers or germline mutations
Neural agrin binds to and activates Lrp4/MuSK (a receptor tyrosine kinase). This will eventually lead to grouping of this protein to develop the neuromuscular junction
What are acetylcholine receptors?
These are 4 of the 8 possible options on the Power and Control Wheel
Isolation, Financial Dependency, Emotional abuse, Coercion and Threats, Intimidation, Employer Privilege (acting authoritarian essentially), Using others (especially children), Minimizing denying & blaming
This toxin penetrates neuron membranes and inhibits GABA activity through cleaving VAMP proteins. It also belongs to this family of bacteria which include another pathogen that has this mechanism of action at the NMJ. (Tell me the toxin/organism that causes the first problem, what is the genus/family of said organism, and what does the other very prolific bacteria that belongs to this family do at the NMJ)
What is tetanus/tetani toxin, Clostridium, Paralysis of the muscle through the deactivation of SNARE proteins leading to no acetylcholine release