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Descent with Modification
Evolution of Populations
The Origin of Species
History of Life on Earth
100
Carolus Linnaeus made this important contribution to the study of the diversity of life.
What is: He developed the system of binomial nomenclature, a system to classify organisms according to their similarities and assign them with scientific names (genus and species)
100
What evolutionary agent is most consistent at causing populations to become better suited to their environments over the course of generations?
Natural Selection
100
After a period of geographic isolation two populations meet again and an increasing number of viable, fertile hybrids is produced over the course of generations, ______ occurs.
Fusion
100
The first genes on earth were most likely
Auto-catalytic RNA molecules
200
The prevailing notion (regarding the age of the earth and the formation of species) prior to Darwin and Lyell was that:
Earth is a few thousand years old, and species are unchanging
200
In a population with 1,000 people, tests of blood-type genes show that 160 have the genotype AA, 480 have the genotype AB, and 360 have the genotype BB. What is the frequency of the B allele
0.6
200
The origin of a new plant species by hybridization, coupled with accidents during nuclear division, is an example of
Sympatric speciation
200
Which gas, currently found in our atmosphere, was the LEAST abundant in Earth's early atmosphere, prior to 2 billion years ago?
O2
300
Darwin thought that plants in temperate South America would resemble plants in temperate Europe. He found that they actually more resembled tropical South America. This biological explanation is properly associated with what idea that relates the diversity of life to the shifting of the continents?
Biogeography
300
Sexual dimorphism is most often a result of what kind of selection?
Intersexual selection
300
The biological species concept is inadequate for grouping
asexual organisms
300
In their laboratory simulations of early Earth, Miller and Urey observed the abiotic synthesis of
Amino acids
400
This scientist synthesized the concept of natural selection independently of Darwin
Alfred Wallace
400
If, on average, 46% of the loci in a species' gene pool are heterozygous, then the average homozygosity of the species should be _____
54%
400
Which type of isolation will most likely guarantee that two closely related species will persist only as distinct biological species?
Reproduction isolation from one another
400
Approximately how long ago did eukaryotes appear?
2,100,000,000 years
500
Which of Darwin's ideas had the strongest connection to Darwin having read Malthus's essay on human population growth?
Struggle for existence
500
_______ _________ make determining the evolutionary relatedness of different species based on the amino acid sequence of homologous proteins generally less accurate than determinations of relatedness based on the nucleotide sequences of homologous genes?
Silent mutations
500
The origin of a new plant species by hybridization, coupled with accidents during nuclear division, is an example of
Sympatric speciation
500
Humans are a species of mammals who have evolved opposable thumbs, which have allowed extensive tool use. If evolution is not goal oriented, how did this change happen?
What is through natural selection (a detailed explanation of the process should be included).