Concept#1: DNA Structure & Function
The three parts that make up a nucleotide
Triple Jeopardy (3x)
What is a...
(1) sugar
(2) nitrogenous base
(3) phosphate group ?
The enzyme used to "unzip" the DNA into two strands
What is helicase?
The location in the cell where proteins are made
Triple Jeopardy (3x)
What is the cytoplasm?
Structure = ?
What is function?
The phase where crossing over occurs
Triple Jeopardy (3x)
What is prophase I?
A section of DNA on a chromosome that codes for traits
What is a gene?
What are Okazaki Fragments?
The process of copying DNA instructions and transferring it out of the nucleus
Triple Jeopardy (3x)
What is transcription?
The number of RNA bases read in a "reading frame"
What is three?
The type of chromosomes pairs #1-22
Quadruple Jeopardy (4x)
What are autosomes?
The name of the DNA structure
What is a double helix?
The direction that DNA Polymerase adds bases on the newly synthesized DNA strand
What is 5 prime to 3 prime?
(5' to 3')
The two things that make up ribosomes
(must get both correct)
Double Jeopardy (2x)
What is rRNA and proteins?
A mutation where the change in the DNA sequence does not change the amino acid sequence
What is a silent mutation?
These are split in Anaphase II
Double Jeopardy (2x)
What are sister chromatids?
The sides of DNA are commonly referred to as
Double Jeopardy (2x)
What is the sugar-phosphate backbone?
DNA > RNA > Protein
Double Jeopardy (2x)
What is the Central Dogma of Biology?
The name of the bond that DNA ligase adds
What is a phosphodiester bond?
The mutation where pieces of non-homologous chromosomes exchange segments during "crossing over"
What is translocation?
Chromosome pairs that do NOT have the same types of genes
What are non-homologous chromosomes?
The idea that all living things are composed of the same nitrogenous bases--A,T,C and G
Double Jeopardy (2x)
What is the Universal Genetic Code?
The concept that newly synthesized DNA is a combination of one "old" strand and one "new" strand
Double Jeopardy (2x)
What is semi-conservative replication?
The amino acid for UAG
What is a STOP codon?
Chemicals that can cause DNA mutations
What are mutagens?
A cluster of 4 chromatids
Triple Jeopardy (3x)
What is a tetrad?