DNA Synthesis
If a portion of a messenger RNA molecule contains the base sequence A-A-U, then the corresponding anti-codon on the tRNA base sequence is .
U-U-A
Compared to the number of chromosomes contained in a body cell, how many chromosomes would normally be contained in a gamete?
half as many
What bond holds together the nucleotides in DNA
hydrogen bonds
what is a set of 3 nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid
a codon
What is an example of a molecule produced by DNA protein synthesis?
A Polypeptide
RNA from a bear is compared to RNA from a sunflower. Both will contain the
sugar ribose and the base uracil.
What is an example of a haploid cell?
gametes
In humans, where does DNA replication take place?
Nucleus
The sequence of ________________ in a DNA molecule determines the protein that will be produced.
nucleotides
What bond is created during protein synthesis?
a polypeptide bond.
What is the central dogma of genetics / biology?
DNA-->RNA--->Protein through transcription and translation
A sperm cell of an octopus has 14 chromosomes. What is the total number of chromosomes that should be present in a stomach cell of the same octopus?
28
A DNA nucleotide could contain the following molecules
deoxyribose, thymine, and a phosphate group
During _____________, the cell uses information from messenger RNA to make polypeptides
translation
During protein synthesis, what does mRNA do?
It delivers DNA’s instructions for making proteins to the ribosome.
In which phase of meiosis would certain gene segments of the homologous pairs of chromosomes "crossover" and exchange genetic information?
prophase 1
Name two differences between RNA and DNA
RNA is single stranded and has the base Uracil.
what is located at one end of a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule, which is complementary to a corresponding codon in a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence
anti codon
Explain in detail what protein synthesis is.
transcription- where the dna is unzipped and the instructions for protein is copied into RNA and then transported to the ribosome
Translation- The mRNA is read in the ribosome and the tRNA brings in the amino acids and places them in the right order according the the mRNA to create protein chains.
Explain Epigenetics
it is the study of how the environment makes certain genes turn on or off. In other words, the environment determines how a gene is expressed. Genetic codes are not being changed from this
Instead of explaining the entire process of Meiosis, please explain these two events.
What event takes place during metaphase I of meiosis?
What event takes place during anaphase II of meiosis?
Metaphase 1: homologous chromosome pairs line up in middle of cell
Anaphase II- Sister chromatids separate
Explain the process of DNA replication
An enzyme unzips the double helix DNA strand, each side is then a template to create complementary strands (the nucleotides are bases that match up to create the two new strands), ending with two identical DNA double helixes.
what cells are not produced during meiosis?
stomatic cells