Concept One Vocabulary
What is a chromosome?
A chromosome is a tightly coiled strand of DNA
What is Transcription?
a process of creating a written or electronic copy of audio, video, or genetic data
Translation is______
Cells create proteins using instruction from mRNA
What is a diploid?
A cell or organism containing two complete sets of chromosomes, with one set inherited from each parent.
What is fertilization?
Actual fusion of egg and sperm to form a zygote.
A gene is a _________
basic physical and functional unit of heredity, made up of specific sequences of DNA
A anticodon is _________
a sequence of 3 nucleotides located on a transfer RNA molecules
Describe Codon
A sequence of 3 consecutive nucleotide in DNA or mRNA that acts of genetic information
What is a haploid?
Cells or organism containing only one complete set of chromosome.
Describe Homologous chromosomes___
Chromosome pairs that have the same types of genes.
Describe the shape of DNA and RNA
DNA= Double Helix
RNA=Single Strand
What is protein Synthesis?
Biological process where cells generate new proteins vital for structure function and regulation?
Define a karyotype?
An individuals complete set of chromosomes.
What are sister chromatids?
2 identical copies of some chromosome.
What is Nucletide?
A molecule that is the basic building block of the nucleic Acids DNA and RNA
Polypeptide is a______
A chain of amino acids can bind to others and fold into a protein?
Describe Meiosis ___
Process of cell division that makes gametes on the gonads.
Where does mitosis happen in our body?
It happens all throughout the body
Nucleic Acid is _______
a molecule or ion containing one or more nucleotides
What is a Genetic code?
Set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded genetic material into proteins
Define Sexual reporduction
Organisms that reproduce sexually, fuse the genetic information from 2 parents to produce offspring that are a Genetic mixture of both parents.
Where does meiosis happen in our body?
In ovaries or testes