Contemporary Agricultural Issues
Agricultural Revolutions
Agricultural Practices
Globalization & Agriculture
Agricultural Models & Settlement Patterns
100
What is food insecurity?
When people do not have reliable access to enough affordable, nutritious food
100
what major change marked the first agricultural revolution?
the shift from hunting and gathering to farming
100
What is intensive agriculture?
Farmings that uses high inputs to maximize yields in a smaller place
100
What is a commodity chain?
The process goods take from producer to consumer, including steps like processing and distribution
100
What does the Bid-Rent Theory say about land cost and distance from the CBD?
Land closer to the central business district (CBD) is more expensive; farther away is cheaper.
200
What are food deserts?
Areas where people have limited access to affordable and healthy food options.
200
what invention during the second agricultural revolution helped plant seeds more efficiently?
the seed drill
200
What type of farming uses the same land repeatedly until soil is exhausted?
Shifting cultivation.
200
How does globalization affect peripheral countries that rely on exporting one crop?
It makes them vulnerable if global demand or prices drop for that crop.
200
What does the Von Thünen Model assume about agriculture near markets?
The closer to the market, the more perishable or expensive the product due to transportation costs.
300
How does suburbanization affect agriculture?
It reduces available farmland as cities expand into rural areas.
300
What were the two key effects of the second agricultural revolution?
More food production and population expulsion
300
what’s the difference between plantation agriculture and market gardening?
Plantation agriculture grows one crop on a large scale; market gardening is small-scale farming of fruits and vegetables.
300
What are two effects of globalized agriculture?
Environmental damage and agricultural runoff.
300
Name two flaws in the Von Thünen Model.
It assumes only one market and ignores climate and modern infrastructure.
400
Name one individual choices that support sustainable agriculture.
Urban farming - buying from local food movements.
400
What was one feature of the green revolution?
genetically modified crops- fertilizers and pesticides- increased mechanization
400
Define pastoral nomadism
Pastoral nomadism is moving with animals for grazing
400
What are three components of a global supply chain?
Infrastructure, tariffs, and trade patterns.
400
What’s the difference between clustered and dispersed settlements?
Clustered: farmers live close together; dispersed: farmers live spread out on their land.
500
How can adverse weather impact agriculture?
It can destroy crops, reduce yields, and disrupt the food supply chain
500
Negative consequences of the third agricultural revolution?
environmental damage - soil depletion - increased food prices
500
What is the difference between subsistence agriculture and commercial agriculture?
Subsistence agriculture is when farmers grow food mainly to feed themselves or their families, Commercial agriculture is when crops or livestock are produced primarily to sell for profit
500
How does globalized agriculture lead to desertification and changing diets?
Overuse of land and chemicals can strip soil nutrients (desertification), and global demand changes what farmers grow (changing diets)
500
what are the three land survey methods, and how do they differ?
Metes and bounds: uses natural features
Township and range: grid system (squares)
Long lots: long, narrow plots extending from roads or rivers