Classical Conditioning
A permanent change as a result of experience; building onto knowledge
What is Learning
The reemergence of Conditioned Response (CR) to an extinct Conditioned Stimulus (CS)”
What is Habituation
A form of conditioning which uses reward and punishment for behavior.
What is operant conditioning
A field of study which believes that psychology can only be based on observable, quantifiable behaviors and responses.
What is Behavioral Psychology
The idea that people learn behaviors by observing and imitating the actions and behaviors of others
What is Social Learning Theory
The stimulus that hasn’t been associated with anything and doesn’t engage a response
What is a Neutral Stimulus (N)
When a human or animal only displays a Conditioned Response (CR) when presented with a very specific Conditioned Stimulus (CS) but not other similar ones
What is Stimulus Discrimination
A reinforcer associated with an innate positive or negative stimulus.
What is a secondary reinforcer
A box which is able to automatically deliver positive or negative stimulus based on animal behavior or interaction.
What is Skinner’s Box
The process of a person seeing, and then proceeding to copy or imitate a specific behavior
What is modeling
Learning that is purely in the mind and isn’t observable or measurable, but can be inferred by behavior
What is Cognitive Learning
When a human or animal only displays a Conditioned Response (CR) when presented with a very specific Conditioned Stimulus (CS) but not other similar ones
What is Stimulus Discrimination
A form of conditioning used to decrease or increase an existing response to a stimulus.
What is instrumental conditioning
The individual who theorized the Law of Effect: Behaviors followed by a beneficial result are the most likely to be repeated, but those that lead to negative results are less likely to be repeated.
Who is Edward Thorndike
A type of neuron, located in the frontal lobe generally associated with empathy
What are mirror neurons
An automatic response established by training to an ordinarily neutral stimulus
What is a Conditioned Response (CR)
Occurs when a conditioned stimulus becomes associated with a new unconditioned stimulus, overwriting the old one.
What is Higher-Order Conditioning
When an existing, negative stimulus is terminated by a behavior.
What is escape conditioning
Removing a positive stimulus in response to an undesirable behavior.
What is negative punishment
The process of learning through observing the consequences suffered by others
What is observational learning
One very lucky girl got the opportunity to meet Jeff Bezos. She fell madly in love with him and could think of nothing else but his bald head. Later, if she saw a picture of him, her heart began to race.
What are:
NS: Jeff Bezos
UCS: The presence of Jeff Bezos
UCR: Falling madly in love with his bald head
CR: Heart racing
CS: The presence of the picture of him
A dog that was conditioned to bark upon hearing a beeping noise may broaden that behavior to similar sounds, such as tapping and clicking noises.
What is an example of Stimulus Generalization
When stimulus is provided at a semi-random interval after a behavior is performed.
What is variable interval
A form of conditioning that is innately satisfying to the body and/or mind
What is a primary reinforcer
Behavior that people perform which benefits other people
What is prosocial behavior