4.1, 4.2, 4.3 Concepts
Branch of psychology that explains why the same person will act DIFFERENTLY in DIFFERENT situations
Social Psychology
Describe the differences between DISPOSITIONAL ATTRIBUTION and SITUATIONAL ATTRIBUTION
Situational attribution is crediting the situation for explaining a person's behavior. (i.e. Dan failed his math test because he is distraught by his goldfish's death one day earlier)
Dispositional attribution is crediting one's personality traits for explaining a person's behavior. (i.e. Jake bullies people because he's always lacked empathy and kindness for others)
Desire for harmony in a group decision; where people literally agree just to have harmony even when they disagree internally
Groupthink
The back and forth influence of a person's behavior on the environment and the environment's influence on the person's behavior
Reciprocal Determinism
Theory of emotion which has the order of (1) stimulus, (2) arousal, (3) emotion
James-Lange Theory
Tendency for people to adopt more extreme views on a topic after a group discussion of like-minded people
Group Polarization
Describe the differences between SOCIAL NORMS and SOCIAL ROLES
Social norms are the unwritten rules that govern what people CAN and CANNOT do in social circumstances. (i.e. flopping around like a fish on the ground in public would be considered a violation of social norms of "acting normal")
Social roles are society's expectations of how a person should behave given their POSITION. (i.e. students are expected to work hard and get good grades)
Tendency to favor our own group as opposed to the outgroup
In-group/out-group bias
What is internal locus of control vs. external locus of control?
Internal LOC is the belief that you are in control of your fate, your life, your actions, etc. (i.e. I failed that test because I didn't study as well as I should've)
External LOC is the belief that you are not in control of your fate, your life, your actions, etc. (i.e. I failed that test BECAUSE THE PALEONTOLOGY TEACHER SUCKS AT TEACHING!)
Theory of emotion which states that (1) stimulus -> (2) arousal AT THE SAME TIME THAT (2) emotion occurs. Arousal and emotion happens at the same time!!!!!
Cannon-Bard Theory
Theory that explains someone's behavior by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition
Attribution Theory
Describe the differences between PREJUDICE and DISCRIMINATION
Prejudice is the THOUGHT/NEGATIVE ATITUDE towards a group and it's members (i.e. A person who internally hates a specific race)
Discrimination is a NEGATIVE BEHAVIOR towards a group and its members (i.e. Restaurant refusing to serve a race food)
Individuals in groups who are good can become situationally evil
Lucifer effect
The collection of beliefs about oneself
Self concept (i.e. I am a good/bad person.)
Two-factor theory
A diminished sense of responsibility when gathered in a large group or mob; results in arousal and the state of anonymity
Deindividuation
Describe the differences between INSTRUMENTAL and HOSTILE AGGRESSION
INSTRUMENTAL aggression is harming someone with a DESIRE TO ACHIEVE SOMETHING (i.e. shoving people in a crowd to get Sabrina Carpenter tickets before its sold out)
HOSTILE aggression is harming someone because of experiencing feelings like pain, anger, frustration. (i.e. pushing someone b/c they pushed you first)
Freud's Three Parts of the Personality
ID (pleasure principle)
SUPEREGO (moral imperatives)
EGO (reality principle)
A type of perspective that emphasizes the view of personality with a heavy focus on the potential for healthy, personal growth
Humanistic Perspective
Lazarus
REMEMBER!! LAZARUS LABELS FIRST!!!
Refers to the struggle or the inability of people to perform complex or unfamiliar tasks in the presence of observers and competitors
Social Impairment / Social Inhibition Theory
Describe the differences in the lessons learned from ROSENHAN and ZIMBARDO's experiments
ZIMBARDO showed how "when you act the role, you BECOME the role"; ROSENHAN showed how "playing a role changes how people act TOWARDS YOU"
Repression
Name all of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs from bottom to top.
Theory of emotion which states that our emotions occur separately from cognitive interpretation, with some requiring no thinking at all
Zajonc-LeDoux Theory