Impulse/Momentum
This theorem governs the science behind car-safety; e.g seatbelts and airbags.
The Impulse-Momentum Theorem
A problem involving collisions uses the concept of the conservation of _________ to determine unknown quantities before or after the collision.
momentum
This theorem is the reason that an object can be subject to acceleration by a force acted on it through some distance.
The Work-Energy Theorem
This is often calculated through the dimensions or physical setup of a machine. It describes a machine in which the work into the machine is equivalent to the work out of the machine. There are no energy losses.
Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA)
Sharing its name with a metal that is liquid at room temperature, what is the name of the planet in the Solar System that is closest to the Sun?
Mercury
This law governs the science involved in figure skating and is the reason a figure skater can speed up and slow down their angular velocity.
Conservation of Angular Momentum
When objects interact within a closed system, the forces they exert on each other are _________. Therefore, the total momentum of the objects within that system will not change.
internal forces
A satellite orbits Earth in a circular orbit. Does Earth's gravity do work on the satellite? Explain.
No, Earth's gravity acts perpendicular to the tangential/linear velocity of the satellite and therefore does no work. Centripetal forces do not do work on the object.
Machines make tasks easier by changing the direction or magnitude of the _____ exerted.
Astronomical distances are often described in what timely measurement, with one unit roughly equivalent to 5.88 trillion miles?
Light Year
Carys strikes a 0.058kg golf ball with a force of 272N and gives it a velocity of 62.0 m/s. How long was her club in contact with the ball?
0.013s
Two lab carts are pushed together with a spring mechanism between them. Upon being released, the 5.0kg cart repels with a velocity of 0.12 m/s in one direction, while the 2.0kg goes in the opposite direction. What is the velocity of the 2.0kg cart?
-0.30 m/s
Describe why the 10 pound weight hung as a pendulum in the back of the classroom came very close to hitting Mr. Callahan in the teeth but could never do so. Describe all related aspects of work and energy in this scenario.
Work was done on the weight by Mr. Callahan against gravity to give it some potential energy. It is released and gravity is able to do work on it giving it kinetic energy (Work-Energy Theorem). Kinetic transforms to potential and back and forth as the pendulum swings. It will go on forever if not for the small amount of work done by friction at the pivot point that will eventually stop it over time.
Name the 4 of the 6 types of simple machines discussed in class.
Lever, Pulley, Wheel and Axle, Inclined Plane or Ramp, Wedge, Screw
Which planet in our solar system is the fastest, moving at approximately 29 miles per second?
Mercury
A 50.0kg projectile is launched with a horizontal velocity of 647m/s from a 4.65kg launcher moving in the same direction at 2.00m/s. What is the launcher's velocity after the launch?
-4.94m/s or 4.94 m/s backwards
8.39 m/s
Chris pulls a sled across the snow with a force of 225N at an angle of 35 degrees above the horizontal. If he pulls the sled a distance of 65.3m, how much work does he do on the sled?
12000J or 1.2X104J
An inclined plane has a base length of 6m and a height of 8m. What is the ideal mechanical advantage (IMA) of this simple machine?
10/8 or 1.25
About 2.8 billion miles from the Sun and known for its powerful wind storms, which planet is the only one you can’t see from Earth with the naked eye?
Neptune
An 845kg dragster accelerates on a racetrack from rest to 100km/h in 90.0s. What is the average force exerted on the dragster by the track through friction?
26000N or 2.6x104 N
A cue ball with a mass of 0.16kg, rolling at 4.0 m/s, hits a stationary eight ball of similar mass. If the cueball travels 45 degrees to the left of its original path and the eight ball travels 45 degrees in the opposite direction as shown in the figure on the board, what is the speed of each ball after the collision?
2.8 m/s
An electric winch pulls an 875N crate up a 15 degree incline at 0.25 m/s. How much electrical power must be delivered to the winch if it is 85% efficient?
67W
A compound machine consists of a pulley system lifting one end of a lever. The pulley system is made up of 3 supporting cables that lifts a lever whose input arm length is twice the length of its output arm length. What is the ideal mechanical advantage of this compound machine?
6
What small, dark stars, also known as "failed stars," are those not massive enough to sustain nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium?
Brown Dwarfs