Early Black Freedom Movement
Movements in early to mid- 20th century influence of African heritage
Negritude and Negrismo Movements
Interracial organization that fought discrimination and racial violence primarily through legal campaigns
NAACP
A movement that promoted self-determination, defended violence as a viable strategy and strove to transform Black consciousness by emphasizing cultural pride
Black Power
A movement that celebrated Black beauty and well-being and encouraged African Americans to strengthen their connections to Africa
Black is Beautiful Movement
What was the foundational belief of MLK's movement for civil rights?
Civil Disobedience or Nonviolence
1954, Supreme Court ruled racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional
Brown v. Board of Education, Topeka Kansas
Assisted African Americans migrating from the rural South during the Great Migration, helping them acclimate to northern urban life and secure housing and jobs.
Urban League
A Muslim minister and activist, championed the principles of Black autonomy and encouraged African Americans to build their own social, economic, and political institutions instead of prioritizing integration
Malcolm X
Name a singer or songwriter that has contributed to the evolution of African American music, what are they known for?
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Maya Angelou is known for this poem...
"Still I Rise"
Designed as a race-neutral gesture of gratitude toward American veterans returning from World War II
GI Bill of 1944
A civil rights organization established by Black and White students in Chicago in 1942
(CORE) Congress of Racial Equity
Famous Malcolm X speech
"Ballot or the Bullet"
Name two African American inventions and scientific discoveries that have had a global impact, in the fields of agriculture, technology, medicine, science, and engineering.
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Who is Condoleezza Rice?
...............
Restrictions made it illegal for individuals to live in many communities, NAACP fought housing discrimination from 1914 through the passage of the Fair Housing Act in 1968
Redlining
Founded in 1960 when Ella Baker assisted students interested in the SCLC’s activism in founding their own organization after the students organized and staged the Greensboro sit-ins
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
Self-Defense was a revolutionary Black Power organization inspired by Malcolm X’s arguments
Black Panthers
Define Afro-futurism
A cultural movement that blends science fiction, history, and fantasy to celebrate and reimagine the African diaspora
Who were the Little Rock Nine?
Students who were the first to attend an integrated school in the 1950s
What did the GI Bill actually do?
Funds for college tuition, low-cost home mortgages, and low-interest business startup loans
Emerged through the adaptation of hymns, spirituals, gospel songs, and labor union songs in Black churches
Freedom Songs
Called for freedom from oppression and imprisonment, and access to housing, healthcare, education, and employment opportunities
Ten-Point Program
Give an example of a form of media, music, movie, or lyrics that is related to Afrofuturism
Black Panther.....
Who were Freedom Riders?
Northerns who traveled to the South in hopes of practicing civil disobedience through nonviolence