Unit 4 Part 2: 1450-1750

Labor Systems

100

Term for a system in which individuals were considered property to be bought and sold

chattel slavery 

200

Term for an arrangement through which servants were contracted to work for specific period of time in exchange for passage 

indentured servitude 

300

In South America, labor was a form of taxation in this system

mit'a

400

In New Spain, this system required indigenous people to work (mostly in agriculture) in exchange for protection and Christianization 

Encomienda system

500

One African empire or tribe that became wealthy through the slave trade with Europe 

Dahomey or Oyo

Asia

100

Chinese dynasty that restricted foreign trade following Zheng He’s voyages

Ming

200

English company that began a commercial relationship with the Mughals in the 1600s

British East India Company

300

The result of the Seven Years’ War in India

Britain won, forcing the French out of India

400

European-trained Indian private forces that helped the British East India Company move inland

sepoys 

500

In the 15th century [Asian empire] limited trade with Europeans; in the 16th & 17th centuries [Asian empire] banned Christians and limited contact with Europeans. 

China; Japan

The Americas

100

Name of the Spanish city that was built over Tenochtitlan 

Mexico City

200

Two empires conquered by the Spanish in the 1500s

Aztec & Încă 

300

The Treaty of Tordesillas gave the [country] all lands West of the Line of Tordesillas and gave [country] all lands East of the Line. 

Spain; Portugal

400

The problem with the Treaty of Tordesillas

When it was created, the Spanish and Portuguese didn’t realize they were dividing the Americas. They believed they were dividing a much smaller amount of territory in Asia. Based on the Treaty, Spain gained the majority of the Americas. 

500

One result of the Seven Years’ War in North America

Britain drove France out of Canada; Britain gained control of major trade routes in North America 

Effects of the Atlantic Slave Trade

100

Define the Middle Passage

middle leg of the Triangular Trade Route where African slaves were brought to the Americas; many died in the harsh conditions; some revolted 

200

Two effects of the Atlantic Slave Trade on Africa

gender imbalance as males were taken to the Americas; increased polygyny; increased violence due to slave raids by African tribes; temporarily slowed population growth; disrupted family organization; loss of some aspects of culture (which were normally led by men) 

300

[Social class] were born on the Iberian Peninsula and held administrative poisons in the colonies, while [social class] were ethnically European but born in the Americas. 

Peninsulares; Creoles

400

[Social class] were of mixed indigenous and European ancestry, while [social class] were of mixed African and European ancestry. 

Mestizos; Mulattoes

500

This maritime slave trade predated the Atlantic Slave Trade, and, while it didn’t trade in as many slaves, it continued to flourish even after the Atlantic Slave Trade. 

Indian Ocean Slave Trade 

Maritime Empires

100

Term for material wealth available for investment (to produce more wealth)

capital 

200

companies owned by investors who bough shares in the companies

[+100 for an example]

Joint-stock companies

[British EIC; Dutch EIC]

300

Term for the period where empires’ economies transformed from small-scale and barter-based to large-scale and trade-based using gold & silver

Commercial Revolution 

400

2 causes of the Commercial Revolution 

overseas colonies; new trade routes; population growth; inflation

500

Term for the period of a general rise in prices during the 16th & 17th centuries due to inflation

Price Revolution