Cell Cycle Phases
This phase contains the first checkpoint in the cycle
What is G1?
This acronym is used to define the stages of mitosis
What is PMAT?
Scientist refer to these proteins and genes as this for their job at regulating the cell cycle
What are cell regulators?
These cells are pinnacle to meiosis and only contain half of the required DNA
What are germ cells(sperm and egg cells)
Improperly regulated cells during the cell cycle lead to this
What are tumors?
This phase is when DNA is replicated
What is S Phase?
In this stage, DNA begins to condense and spindles start to form
What is prophase?
When DNA is damaged during mitosis, this protein shuts down the cycle
What is p53?
Mitosis results in 2 genetically identical daughter cells, but meiosis results in this
What are 4 genetically different daughter cells?
Tumors are formed by these conditions
What is too little cell death?
What is to much cell division?
The third phase of Mitosis
What is anaphase?
This stage is noted for having the sister chromatids separating and the spindles begin to separate
what is Anaphase
This disease is a potential outcome if damaged DNA transfers into a new cell and mutates
What is cancer?
While meiosis only occurs in plants, animals, and fungi, mitosis occurs in this with the exception of viruses
What are all living organisms?
This gene regulates cell growth, but a mutation can provoke cancerous cells
what is proto-oncogenes?
This protein stops production if there is DNA damage
After Telophase, the cytoplasm splits in a process called this
What is cytokinesis?
These genes usually target and kill tumors
What are tumor suppressor genes?
While mitosis results in diploid daughter cells, meiosis results in this
What is haploid daughter cells?
Some scientist refer the p53 protein as this
What is guardian of the genome?
The concentration of this chemical rises in the G2 phase
What is mitotic cyclin?
This stage is extremely important to cytogenetics as all the chromosomes line up at the equator of the spindles and all chromosomes are visible
What is Metaphase?
One of the most important cell regulators is/are
What is cyclin-dependent kinase?
Meiosis has this number of cell divisions
What is 2?
People who inherit this mutated gene have a higher risk of developing cancer
What is BRCA1?