Resistance is Futile (4.6)
This African queen of Ndongo and Matamba resisted Portuguese expansion by playing European powers against each other.
Who was Queen Nzinga?
This was the top tier of the Spanish Casta system, consisting of people born on the Iberian Peninsula.
Who are Peninsulares?
This economic theory drove European monarchs to maximize exports and accumulate as much silver and gold as possible.
What is Mercantilism?
This Mughal Emperor was known for his policy of religious tolerance and for abolishing the jizya tax.
Who was Akbar the Great?
The transition from a local, small-scale economy to a global, gold-and-silver-based economy is known as this "Revolution."
What is the Commercial Revolution?
This 1680 uprising in present-day New Mexico saw indigenous people temporarily drive the Spanish out of the region.
What was the Pueblo Revolt?
The Qing Dynasty required Han men to wear this hairstyle as a sign of submission to Manchu rule.
What is the Queue?
This "New World" metal became the primary global currency, largely due to mines like Potosí.
What is Silver?
The expulsion of this religious group from Spain in 1492 led many to settle in the Ottoman Empire, where they were generally welcomed.
Who were the Jews?
These "middleman" groups, such as the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, often facilitated trade despite being social outsiders.
What are ethnic/religious minorities (or Compradors)?
This internal challenge to the Russian Empire involved a peasant rebellion led by a Cossack against Catherine the Great.
What was the Pugachev Rebellion?
In the Ottoman Empire, this group of elite soldiers (originally Christian boys) eventually became a powerful social class that challenged the Sultan.
Who are the Janissaries?
This labor system in the Americas was legally distinct because it treated human beings as transferable property.
What is Chattel Slavery?
Unlike the Mughals, this later Mughal leader reinstated the jizya and faced numerous internal rebellions from Marathas and Sikhs.
Who was Aurangzeb?
This specific rebellion in 17th-century England resulted in the monarch being legally limited by a Bill of Rights.
What was the Glorious Revolution?
This war in New England (1675–1678) was the final major effort by indigenous peoples to drive the British out of New England.
What was Metacom’s War (or King Philip’s War)?
This term describes the mixed-race population of Spanish and Indigenous descent in the Americas.
Who are Mestizos?
This maritime empire dominated Indian Ocean trade in the 1500s using a "Trading Post Empire" strategy.
Who were the Portuguese?
This French "Sun King" moved his nobles to Versailles to keep them from challenging his absolute authority.
Who was Louis XIV?
This term refers to the syncretic religion in the Caribbean that blended West African traditions with Roman Catholicism.
What is Santería (or Voodoo/Vodun)?
Runaway slaves in the Caribbean and Brazil formed these independent settlements, often successfully defending them against colonial militias.
What are Maroon societies?
Under the Tokugawa Shogunate, this warrior class saw their status shift from active combatants to bureaucratic scholars.
Who are the Samurai?
These private companies, such as the VOC (Dutch) and the EIC (British), were granted government charters to monopolies trade, raise armies, and even coin their own money in the Indian Ocean.
What are Joint-Stock Companies?
These Russian nobles often clashed with the Tsars as the central government sought to consolidate power.
Who are the Boyars?
This system of forced labor used by the Spanish in the Andes was a "re-purposing" of an original Incan labor tax.
What is the Mita system?