Cell Cycle
The process/steps that a parent cell goes through to divide into two daughter cells.
What is the Cell Cycle?
What are the two main parts of Protein Synthesis?
Transcription and Translation
What is the monomer for Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA)?
Nucleotide
What is the shape of DNA?
Double Helix
What is Mr. Sadowski's favorite color?
Green
What does the S in "S phase" stand for?
Synthesis
This is the process of making a single strand of mRNA from a double stranded DNA molecule.
What is Transcription?
The term used to describe half of each DNA molecule is new (built), and the other half is the old DNA strand (template).
Semi-conservative
What nitrogenous base pairs with A in RNA? (Spelled correctly)
Uracil
If a sample of DNA is 22% Adenine, what percent of it will be Guanine?
28%
22x2=44 100-44=56 56/2=28
What are the two main reasons that a cell would undergo the cell cycle (think of the organism the cell is in)?
To grow/Develop and Heal/Replace Dead Cells.
What does the m in "mRNA", the t in "tRNA", and the lowercase r in "rRNA" stand for?
Messenger, Transfer, Ribosomal.
What is the name of the enzyme that opens and "unzips" the template stand of DNA in DNA replication?
Helicase
Remember: HELIcase opens the double HELIx.
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
Phosphate, Deoxyribose (Sugar), Nitrogenous Base
What year did Mr. Sadowski graduate from high school, and what high school did he go to? (150pts each)
2018, Monty Tech
What part of the cell cycle would you see most cells in if you looked at a random sample of 1000 cells (There is more than one acceptable answer for this question).
Interphase, most of which would be in G1.
Where does transcription take place?
Where does translation take place? (Two acceptable answers)
Nucleus
Cytoplasm (Specifically, Ribosome)
DNA can only be added to the ____ end of a DNA strand.
3' (three prime)
What are the four Nitrogenous Bases (all four full names spelt correctly)?
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
What Countries has Mr. Sadowski been to (other than the USA) (100 points per correct location)
Ireland
Greece
Portugal
Canada
List all of the parts of the cell cycle, in order, being as specific as possible (include ALL parts).
Interphase (G1, S, G2), Cell Division (Mitosis, Cytokinesis).
What is the Central Dogma?
The process of going from a strand of DNA to a protein (DNA->mRNA->Protein).
_________ Fragments are sections of DNA that are added on the lagging strand in DNA Replication.
Okazaki
Who was responsible for the discovery of DNA's structure? (two acceptable answers)
Rosalind Franklin
James D. Watson and Francis H.C. Crick
A protein is 120 amino acids long. A mutation occurs that changes the 41st codon from UAC to UAA. Describe the resulting protein's length and explain why this happened.
The protein will be only 40 amino acids long. This is because UAA is a Stop Codon (a Nonsense Mutation), which terminates translation prematurely.