Attribution & Biases
Dispositional
Name the five traits outlined by the Five Factor Theory of personality
Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
Identify and define the two routes of persuasion outlined by the elaboration likelihood model
Central: content of the message
Peripheral: appearance of the message
Amy goes for a long run on a hot day during which h e sweats heavily. His sweating is his body's way of trying to cool down and maintain normal temperature. This tendency of the body to maintain a steady temperature illustrates the importance of maintaining...
Homeostasis
Which of the following demonstrates the strongest correlation?
a. 0.19
b. 0.7
c. - 0.3
d. - 0.8
d. -0.8
Christopher has always hated apple pie, but every time he walks to work he passes a bakery that displays apple pies in the window. Over time, Christopher starts to like apple pie and is more open to the idea of trying it. What effect explains this change in Christopher's perception of apple pie?
Mere exposure effect
Jason is experiencing difficulties with his friends, which is making him incredibly angry. Instead of taking his anger out on his friends, he attends a boxing class four times a week. What defense mechanism is Jason using?
Sublimation
Colin's in-laws are taking him to a fancy restaurant for the first time. He has never been to a fancy restaurant. When they are served their first dish, Colin's in-laws put their napkin on their lap, so Colin does the same. What type of social influence is Colin experiencing?
Informational
Katie gets into two great colleges. Now she must decide where to go. This is an _________ conflict.
Approach-approach
In psychology, statistical significance refers to the likelihood that results are not due to _______________
chance; coincidence
Jenna is convinced that she is going to fail her upcoming permit test, so she doesn't study for the test and ends up failing it on the day of the test. What concept best explains this?
Self-fulfilling prophecy
The self actualizing tendency posited by humanistic psychologists is the tendency for people to...
make choices that promote becoming one's full self
Sarah and her friends hate Taylor Swift. When they meet a group of friends at a party who love Taylor Swift, they expresses an even stronger dislike for Taylor Swift's music, whereas the Taylor Swift-loving group idolizes her even more. This is an example of...
group polarization
After school, Anthony and his friends complain of intense hunger. They go to Anthony's home and immediately open his refrigerator to look for a snack. Which theory of motivation best explains their behavior?
Drive reduction
A teacher finds the distribution of scores on a final exam to be positively skewed with low variability. On the basis of this information, the teacher would be most justified in concluding that:
A. A small number of students in the class did poorly on the exam
B. The exam was too difficult
C. The exam is not a reliable assessment tool
D. Most of her students are of above average ability
B
Cognitive dissonance
Tabitha is extremely adventurous, enjoying sky diving and white water rafting. According to the Five-Factor model of personality, which factor would Tabitha score highly on?
Openness
Parker is in a crowded mall when she witnesses someone suddenly collapse. Because Parker witnesses the fall in the presence of others, the [____ effect] suggests that she is [more/less] likely to intervene than if she had witnessed the event alone.
Bystander effect
Less likely
Carla tutors other students because she likes to be helpful, whereas Jane tutors classmates strictly for pay. Their behaviors demonstrate the difference between what two types of motivation?
Intrinsic (Carla) and extrinsic (Jane)
Negative, closer to -1
Kiran's favorite restaurant has been getting low reviews on Yelp recently, but he dismisses those reviews and only pays attention to the high Yelp reviews of the restaurant. What kind of belief perseverance is Kiran engaging in?
Confirmation bias
Frank wants to be a professional baseball player. He considers himself an extremely good hitter and a good first baseman. He believes that, with continued hard work, his abilities will help him win a spot in the majors. These beliefs demonstrate that Frank has an: ________ locus of control and high/low self efficacy
Internal LOC
High self-efficacy
Social facilitation
No response to text --> increased HR + BP --> "that is so annoying and frustrating" --> anger/frustration
Create an operational definition for student engagement during a lecture in AP Psychology class.
- number of minutes spent looking at the board
- number of minutes spent taking notes
- number of questions asked
etc.