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In indigenous spiritualism how many all powerful creator gods are there?
1 with many under gods who communicate with humans.
What is animism
A belief that spirits - present in animals, plants, and trees - help the living.
Which natural resources helped the Ghana kingdom become powerful?
Salt Gold
Who taxed the gold merchants during the Ghana Empire
Kings
Who was responsible for cutting the salt in the salt mines
Slaves
Explain the difference between Matrilineal and Patrilineal
Matrilineal - Passes through the mothers side
Patrilineal - Passes through the fathers side
In African spiritualism Spirits of who can influence people's lives?
Ancestors
Describe a Kenta Cloth
Recognized worldwide, used bright colors, beautiful and ornate, used on special occasions.
Name the 3 west African Kingdoms from first to last in order of their reign.
Ghana 800-1000
Mali 1240-1400
Songhai 1400-1590
Who were sent down into the gold mines to bring up dirt
Women and children
Explain West African Village Society
Family - Parents and children
Extended family - Grandparents/aunts and uncles
Village chief - Elected leader who oversees the village
Council of elders - Settle Disputes and suggest solutions to problems.
What role does a Shaman play in African Spiritualism
A shaman was a priest-like elder in an indigenous religion
Indigenous people believed a shaman could communicate with the spirit world.
In indigenous West African spiritual traditions, who might be believed to be responsible for the illness of a family member?
Spirits
Describe west African sculptures
Recognized worldwide, beautiful and ornate, used to honor ancestors, made out of wood, ivory and stone
Griots used what to convey History? What would happen if they all died out?
Oral word (stories)
The history would die also
Name 2 ways west Africans carried out ancestor worship
1. Offered food that they enjoyed
2. Carved statues and figures
3. Believed their spirits were always close
4. Sacrificed animals in their honor
Which west African kingdom had gold and salt mines, was the first and smallest?
Ghana
Which kingdom traded copper, spices and slaves and had small farming villages
Mali
How did the Trans-Saharan caravan trade have an impact on the culture of Mali?
It introduced a new faith (Islam)
Most griots were which gender? What did they also have to be able to do besides storytelling?
Men, play a musical instrument and act as ambassadors and diplomats to other villages
Which west African empire traded with Portugal, was the largest and eventually was defeated by Morocco?
Songhai
Which West African Kingdom was Muslim and had a strong military?
Songhai
How did trading routes between cities like Djenné and Timbuktu become the key to the exchange of cultural traditions?
People met along these trading routes and shared things from their cultures
Why would traders introduce Islam to the people of Mali?
Spreading their faith is a Pillar of Islam
What are 3 ways we know Mansa Musa was a powerful and generous leader.
Expanded Mali X2
Gave gold and gifts while on his pilgrimage
Paid for the construction of mosques
Sent scholars to study in north Africa to expand learning