Revolutionary Scientists
The creator of the telescope, later used to prove the Copernican hypothesis
Galileo Galilei
Proposed a new theory regarding the way humans learn and form ideas and wrote it in his Essay Concerning Human Understanding.
John Locke
After Austria lost a war and in turn lost a region with an abundance of resources, ________ sought out to change the trajectory of her country by introducing reforms.
Maria Theresa
To spread their ideas and create a new public sphere, philosophers during the Enlightenment would gather in wealthy households as a form of debate and discussion, called a ______.
Salon
Using his previous findings of object's movement and matter, _______ formulated the laws of gravitation and motion.
Isaac Newton
French philosopher who, in retaliation against Absolutism, wrote The Spirit of Laws as an outline for how governments should operate.
Absolutist who, by conquering Silesia, doubled his nation's population. He believed in cameralism, which asserted monarchy was the best form of government for its balance between the people and the state.
Frederick The Great
The Enlightenment's origins stem from the Dutch Republic, where many _____ fled in light of Louis XIV forcing his country's people to convert to Catholicism.
Huguenots
Hypothesized that the solar system was heliocentric, with the earth rotating around the centered sun.
Nicolaus Copernicus
Regarded as one of the most prolific French writers of all time, who wrote Candide and believed in deism.
Voltaire
Regarded as one of the best absolute rulers of the time, her heavy influence from the Enlightenment led to the westernization of her country's culture.
Catherine The Great
The Enlightenment movement held by the Jewish in the eighteenth century, led by Moses Mendelssohn.
Haskalah
Blood, phlegm, black bile, yellow bile.
Proved the Copernican theory hypothesis via mathematics and created the laws of planetary motion.
Johannes Kepler
Wrote The Social Contract as a means to affirm that general will is sacred and it is supposed to reflect the ideas of the people.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Earned the title of "revolutionary emperor", abolishing peasants' serfdom and allowing peasants to pay landlords in cash as opposed to labor.
Joseph II
Elegant, soft art style used throughout Europe in the 18th century.
Rococo
With the Scientific Revolution largely questioning the ideas it had convinced the people to believe, the ______ took a more hostile approach to science.
Catholic Church
Responsible for the theory of Cartesian dualism.
René Descartes
Prominent figure of the Scottish Enlightenment, who used trial and error/human experience as opposed to theoretical principle to formulate his ideas.
David Hume
After his brother died at the age of 49, this absolute ruler took the throne while his empire was in turmoil and re-established the very laws his brother altered.
Leopold II
Despite some thinkers saying otherwise, most philosophers believed women's role in society should see _____ reform.
Moderate