Sensation 1
The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment
What is sensation?
The smallest change in a stimulus that can be detected by an individual. It's the minimal difference needed for a person to perceive that a change has occurred.
What is Just Noticeable Difference?
The conversion of sensory stimuli into neural impulses that can be understood by the brain.
What is transduction?
The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to make sense of the world around us. It involves the brain's interpretation of sensory inputs, which can be influenced by past experiences, expectations, and context.
What is perception?
This involves interpreting sensory information based on the larger context, prior knowledge, and expectations.
What is top-down processing?
The minimum amount of stimulation required for a stimulus to be detected by a sensory system. It represents the point at which a stimulus becomes noticeable to an individual at least 50% of the time.
What is absolute threshold?
The process by which sensory receptors become less responsive to constant stimuli over time.
What is sensory adaptation?
A condition in which stimulation of one sensory pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in another sensory pathway.
What is synesthesia?
This is a way our brain makes sense of information by starting with the small details and then building up to a complete perception.
What is bottom-up processing?
our ability to focus on a single conversation in a noisy environment, like a crowded party, while tuning out other stimuli.
What is cocktail party effect?
The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye containing photoreceptor cells that convert light into neural signals.
What is retina?
Photoreceptor cells in the retina responsible for vision in low light conditions and detecting motion. They provide black-and-white vision and are highly sensitive to light, allowing us to see in dim environments.
What is rods?
Area on the retina where the optic nerve exits the eye, lacking photoreceptor cells. It's a spot where vision is absent, as there are no light-sensitive cells to detect visual stimuli.
What is blind spot?
the process of focusing on a specific aspect of information while ignoring others.
What is selective attention?
the failure to notice large changes in one's environment when the change occurs simultaneously with a visual disruption.
What is change blindness?
Photoreceptor cells in the retina responsible for color vision and detail in bright light. They enable us to perceive colors and fine visual details, such as reading text or distinguishing between different hues.
What is cones?
The brain's ability to determine the location of a sound source in space.
What is sound localization?
The sense of body movement and position, including the awareness of muscle and joint sensations.
What is kinesthesis?
mental frameworks that help us organize and interpret information in the world around us.
What are schemas?
a tendency to perceive or notice some aspects of the available sensory data and ignore others.
What is perceptual set?
Sensation of pain or other feelings in a missing limb. It occurs due to the brain's continued perception of the limb, even though it's no longer there.
What is phantom limb?
Chemical substances released by animals, including humans, that trigger social or behavioral responses in others of the same species. They play a role in communication, mating, and territorial marking.
What is pheromones?
The sense of body orientation and movement, including balance and spatial awareness.
What is vestibular sense?
refers to the ability to distinguish an object from its surroundings
a visual cue where objects closer to us appear larger, while objects further away appear smaller.
What is relative size?