A
has a defined boundary, permanent population, sovereignty, recognition
What is a state?
the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies.
What is neocolonialism?
the drawing of boundaries for political districts by the party or group in power to extend or cement their advantage
What is gerrymandering?
how physical geography can lead to devolution
What is if a country is difficult to govern because of its physical geography (physical features isolating areas of the country) it may lead to devolution
common language, religion, beliefs, customs, heritage, etc.
what are examples of centripetal forces
has similar beliefs and customs, common heritage, claim a homeland, want to be a state or self-determination
What is a nation?
Europeans drew new boundaries for African countries, which didn’t consider tribal or cultural boundaries that remain today.
What is the Berlin Conference?
the purposes of gerrymandering
What are manipulate voting results by putting all the people who vote for one party in the same districts so they can only win a few seats and the majority of the seats go to the other party OR you can divide the people who vote for one party so that they are the minority in each district so that they will not have enough votes to have political influence?
How ethnic separatism can lead to devolution
What is many ethnic separatist movements occur along regional lines within states. Ethnic groups and minorities are often concentrated in specific regions. This clustering can lead to independence movements. In order to prevent separation and maintain unity, a centralized government will grant some autonomy to individual ethnic regions.
promote cooperation among Arctic countries and indigenous communities to address environmental protection, sustainable development, and scientific research in the Arctic region
What is the Arctic Council?
A group of people who have similar beliefs and customs, common heritage, claim a homeland, want to be a state but do not have a state of their own
the effects of the Berlin conference
What is the boundaries drawn by the European countries at the Berlin Conference (superimposed + geometric) did not take into account the ethnic and cultural differences of the people living in Africa. Many boundaries were drawn that combined conflicting groups and many boundaries were drawn that separated the same group?
Strong centralized governments that control almost everything. Can be undemocratic like Saudi Arabia and China but are usually democratic like France and Japan. Tends to be found in smaller land mass countries
What is unitary?
how economic issues can lead to devolution
What is when a group of people within a state feel resentful because part of the state is not as economically developed as the rest of the state, the parent state may give them some self governing power to try to encourage the group to remain part of the state and not participate in independence movements
supranational organization created to prevent and alleviate human suffering
What is the Red Cross/Crescent/Crystal
the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically
What is colonialsim?
an agreement between member states regarding how countries can use water connected to their shore
What is UNCLOS?
Government duties are shared between local and central government. Good for large landmass countries like US, Canada, Russia, etc
What is federal?
how social issues can lead to devolution
what is when a group of people within a state feel resentful because their group is not as represented in the government, the parent state may give them some self governing power to try to encourage the group to remain part of the state and not participate in independence movements?
different languages, religions, beliefs, customs, heritage, physical features, unequal economic development, etc.
What are centrifugal forces
a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
What is imperialism?
when state legislatures redraw the district boundaries so that each district contains roughly the same number of people
What is redistricting?
an alliance involving 3 or more states in which each state gives up a degree of its sovereignty/autonomy in order to achieve a shared goal.
What is supranationalism?
how irredentism can lead to devolution
what is when a group of people within a state feel connected to another state, the parent state may give them some self governing power to try to encourage the group to remain part of the state and not participate in independence movements
supranational organization created to foster global monetary cooperation
What is the IMF