Unit 4 Vocab

The Basics

100

This word is defined as: "The specific characteristic of an individual."

Trait

200

This word is defined as: "The Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait that is passed from the parents to offspring."

Gene

300

This word is defined as: "One of the different forms of a gene."

Allele

400

This word is defined as: "Threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information."

Chromosome

500

This process allows plants to turn sunlight into energy.

Photosynthesis

The Cell

100

This word is defined as: "Process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes."

Meiosis

200

This word is defined as "A mature haploid male or female germ cell."

Gamete

300

This is a term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of genes.

Haploid

400

This term is used to refer to chromosomes in which one set comes from the male parent and one set comes from the female parent.

Homologous

500

What is the basic unit of life?

Cell

Patterns

100

This word is defined as: "Having two IDENTICAL alleles for a particular gene."

Homozygous

200

This word is defined as: "Having two DIFFERENT alleles for a particular gene."

Heterozygous

300

This word is defined as: "Genetic makeup of an organism."

Genotype

400

This word is defined as: "Physical characteristics of an organism."

Phenotype

500

What molecule do cells use as their main source of energy?

ATP

Evolution

100

This word is defined as: "Change in the genetic material of a cell."

Mutation

200

This word is defined as: "The observable differences in genetic and physical traits among individuals."

Variation

300

This term is defined as: "The process by which organisms that are most suited to their environment survive."

Natural Selection

400

This word is defined as: "Formation of a new species."

Speciation

500

What type of organism makes its own food using sunlight?

Producer (or Autotroph)

The Big Picture

100

What is the powerhouse of the cell?

Mitochondria

200

What molecule carries genetic information in almost all living organisms?

DNA

300

What is the shape of DNA called?

Double Helix

400

What is the name of the Shrimp Mrs.Stampbach has in the tank?

Martin

500

What type of cells do humans have: prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Eukaryotic