Protein Synthesis
The process by which cells make proteins (hint: includes transcription and translation)
Protein Synthesis
What is the long name for DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
A mistake made in DNA or RNA
Mutation
How many times do cells divide during meiosis?
Twice
Which is NOT a risk of genetic engineering?
A. Decreased genetic diversity
B. Ethics questions
C. Crops with favorable traits
D. Risk of unintentional mutations (resistance)
C. Crops with favorable traits.
Building blocks of nucleic acids
Nucleotides
During which phase of cell division does DNA replicate?
S Phase
A mutation in which a nucleotide is added to a DNA sequence.
Insertion
During meiosis, the chromosome number is:
(What is the end result?)
reduced by half.
Provide an example of what the manipulation of DNA (genetic engineering) has resulted in the advances of.
Medicine
Forensics
Agriculture
Step in which DNA is changed into RNA
Transcription
During DNA replication, enzymes perform functions to ensure that DNA is copied appropriately. Which enzyme is responsible for "unzipping" the original strand of DNA?
Helicase
A mutation that causes a change in the reading frame of DNA.
Frameshift Mutation
The number and type of cells produced during meiosis.
4 unique haploid cells
Which of the following is NOT a use of biotechnology?
A. Solving crimes through DNA fingerprinting.
B. Creating GMOs with favorable traits.
C. Creating vaccines for viruses.
D. Cloning babies that are great athletes.
D. Cloning babies that are great athletes.
The complementary RNA strand of GGA TTC
CCU AAG
DNA replication uses existing DNA as a template to make new DNA. Therefore, it is a ________ molecule.
semiconservative
A mutation that does not affect the amino acids that are coded for it.
Silent mutation
What are the two mechanisms that create genetic variation during meiosis?
Independent assortment and crossing over
The intentional alteration of genes or pieces of DNA of an organism to solve a human problem. (Uses biotechnology)
Genetic engineering
How does RNA determine a trait such as eye color of an organism?
A. It interacts with proteins that control eye color.
B. It codes for mRNA that directly determines eye color.
C. It codes for proteins that directly determine eye color.
D. It produces pigments that make up eye color.
C. It codes for proteins that directly determine eye color.
What makes up the backbone of DNA?
Alternating deoxyribose sugar molecules and phosphate groups.
Mutations can occur in the chromosomes of all types of cells. Mutations that are passed on to offspring must occur in ________.
Gametes
If the diploid number in a liver cell is 52, how many chromosomes are there in the egg of this organism?
26
What might be a concern of using GMOs in agriculture?
It takes away genetic diversity.
We don't know the long term effects.