Vocab 1
Kings or queens who hold all of the power within their states’ boundaries.
absolute monarch
The belief that people's loyalty should be to a nation of people who share common culture and history, not to a monarchy/king or queen.
nationalism
Believed the purpose of government was to protect the natural rights of life, liberty and property.
John Locke
What is divine right?
The idea that Kings were chosen by God to rule
What did Peter the Great believe was the key to Russia’s progress?
Education
Forcing Russian culture on all ethnic groups in an empire.
Russification
When a Monarch shares power with a constitutional body that limits their power to rule.
constitutional monarchy
What did Voltaire fight for?
tolerance, freedom of religion and speech, and reason
What was the Glorious Revolution?
Bloodless overthrow of King James II
Who came up with the heliocentric theory?
Copernicus
Series of meetings designed to set up policies to establish peace and stability in Europe after Napoleon.
Congress of Vienna
Napoleon's plan to prevent all trade and communication between Great Britain and other European nations.
Continental System
Believed that laws existed to preserve social order, not to avenge crimes. He was against torture
Beccaria
During the enlightenment, where was the cultural and intellectual capital of Europe
Paris
What did the first two estates have that the 3rd estate did not?
Priveleges
Series of executions by Robespierre where as many as 40,000 were killed by Guillotine.
Reign of Terror
God placed the earth at the center of the universe.
Geocentric Theory
Devoted to political liberty and is known for the idea of separation of powers/checks and balances.
Montesquieu
Why did the Articles of Confederation mainly fail?
weak national government
What Latin American country achieved independence without violence or bloodshed?
Brazil
A movement that stressed reason and thought and the power of the individuals to solve problems.
Enlightenment
Amendments that protect rights of freedom of speech, press, assembly and religion.
Bill of Rights
What kind of government did Rousseau think was best?
Direct democracy
What are the three types of nationalist movements?
unification, separation and state-building
What does a Conservative believe?
wanted traditional monarchies