African Geography
Which part of Africa is mostly desert? (East, West, North, or South?)
Northern Africa
Name a commodity that made the Belgian Congo a fortune during its colonization period.
Rubber / ivory / diamonds
In what year did the Berlin Conference take place, and what was its primary purpose regarding Africa?
1884-1885; its purpose was to split up African colonies peacefully among several European nations.
What is the process of depriving a person or group of positive human qualities called?
Dehumanization
How long did the Rwandan Genocide last and how many people died?
100 days and 800,000-1,000,000 people died.
What is the longest river in Africa?
The Nile River
Who was the Belgian ruler responsible for the exploitation of the Congo Free State?
King Leopold II
Which 2 African countries retained their independence during the scramble for Africa?
Ethiopia and Liberia
What was 'the White Man's burden' about?
The obligation to 'civilize' Africans into European culture.
What was the trigger that caused the start of the Rwandan Genocide?
Someone shot down the Rwandan president Juvénal Habyarimana's plane
Which geographic feature covers a significant portion of northern Africa?
The Sahara desert
How many Congolese people died during Belgian colonization?
Half of the population
Which two European countries were the main participants in the Berlin Conference?
France and Great Britain
What is the final stage of genocide?
Denial
What was the minority ethnic group favored by the Belgians during the Rwandan Genocide?
Tutsi
What is the highest mountain in Africa?
Mount Kilimanjaro
Describe 2 of the conditions under which the people of the Belgian Congo were forced to work.
Forced labor, cutting off limbs, illegal slavery, spreading rubber on their bodies and scraping it off
How much of Africa was under European control in 1870?
10%
What were 2 of the positive effects of colonization?
Reduced local warfare, improved sanitation, hospitals and schools constructed, lifespans increased, literacy rates improved, economic expansion, African products came to be valued on the international market.
What was the majority ethnic group involved in the Rwandan Genocide?
Hutu
Name one thing that was traded along the Middle Passage and mention where it came from & where it went to
Slaves from Africa to America
Raw Goods from America to Europe
Textiles and manufactured goods from Europe to Africa
What are some of the long-term impacts of colonialism in the Belgian Congo?
Economic challenges, weak governmental institutions, social divisions, exploitation of women and children
Name at least two European countries that had colonies in Africa and mention one colony for each
Great Britain
- Nigeria, Egypt, South Africa, Ghana
France
- Algeria, Senegal, Madagascar, Morocco
Portugal
- Mozambique, Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde
Belgium
- Belgian Congo, Rwanda, Burundi
Italy
- Libya, Eritrea, Somalia
Germany
- Namibia, Tanzania, Cameroon, German East Africa
Spain
- Spanish Sahara, Ifni, Spanish Guinea
What were 2 challenges faced by newly independent African nations?
Political instability, economic inequity, ethnic conflicts, infrastructure challenges, health challenges
What specific type of misinformation played a significant role in inciting hatred and violence against the Tutsi population?
Propaganda