Vocab
General Ulysses S. Grant
He was the lead general of the Union Army in the Civil War
What was the cause of the Civil War?
Tensions and disagreements over slavery and states rights
Plessy v. Ferguson
Upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine
In the 1860 election, what was the position of Lincoln and the Republican Party on slavery?
Slavery should not be allowed to expand into territories
Emancipation Proclamation
Issued by Abraham Lincoln, it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free
Fugitive Slave Act
It was a law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves. It allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders.
By the end of Reconstruction, most blacks in the South...
Worked on farms as renters and sharecroppers
Marbury v. Madison
Established judicial review
The purpose of Lincoln's and Johnson's for Reconstruction was to...
Encourage rapid readmission of ex-Confederate states into the Union
Popular Sovereignty
The people are the ultimate source of political authority
Gadsden Purchase
Purchase of land from mexico in 1853 that established the present U.S.-mexico boundary
A political effect of the fighting in Kansas in 1855 and 1856 was to...
Further divide the Democratic Party
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Ruled that enslaved people, and even free African Americans, were not citizens and therefore could not sue in federal court
In 1865, a number of southern states passed Black Codes in order to...
Control movement and provide a stable work force for the plantations
Kansas-Nebraska Act
This Act set up Kansas and Nebraska as states. Each state would use popular sovereignty to decide what to do about slavery. People who were pro-slavery and antislavery moved to Kansas, but some antislavery settlers were against the Act. This began guerrilla warfare.
Free Soil movement
Opposed the expansion of slavery in new states
President Lincoln was reluctant to emancipate the slaves the first year of the Civil War because...
He feared that emancipation would drive the border states out of the Union
McCulloch v. Maryland
Strengthened federal authority and upheld the constitutionality of the Bank of the U.S.
The dramatic increase in the South's slave labor force between 1810 and 1860 was due to...
The natural population increase of American-born slaves
Habeas Corpus
A court order that requires the government to bring a prisoner to court and explain why he or she is being held and get a fair trial
Conscription Act
Enacted in April of 1862, it subjected all white males between the ages of eighteen and thirty five to military service for three years.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 increased sectional tension because it
Reopened the issue of slavery in a territory North of the 36'30
Gibbons v. Ogden
Affirmed Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce, establishing a standard that federal law prevails over state law in areas of commerce affecting multiple states
President Andrew Johnson was impeached for
Removing a radical republican from his cabinet
Fort Sumter
Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina. The confederate attack on the fort marked the start of the Civil War with no deaths.