Heart Failure & Volume Overload
This type of heart failure produces pulmonary findings such as crackles, orthopnea, exertional dyspnea, and cough with frothy sputum.
What is left-sided heart failure?
A young athlete who collapses during exertion is most at risk from this inherited thickening disorder.
What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Thin, reddish-brown streaks under the fingernails are classic findings associated with this infection.
What are splinter hemorrhages?
A greater than 5.5-cm enlargement of the abdominal aorta requires this treatment due to rupture risk.
What is surgical repair?
In hypertensive crisis, blood pressure must be lowered gradually, by no more than this percentage in the first hour.
What is 25%?
Edema, weight gain, and distended neck veins are hallmark findings of this type of congestion.
What is right-sided heart failure?
Patients with this condition require genetic counseling because family members may also be affected.
What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Patients with a history of valve disease, including endocarditis, must take these before dental work.
What are prophylactic antibiotics?
A tearing or ripping pain with a sense of impending doom requires this immediate bilateral assessment.
What are bilateral blood pressures?
Severe high blood pressure, headache, blurry vision, and epistaxis are hallmark signs of this medical emergency.
What is a hypertensive crisis?
Confusion, very low urine output, and the inability to lie flat are red-flag signs of this clinical deterioration.
What is worsening heart failure with decreased perfusion?
Fatigue, dyspnea, fluid retention, and low cardiac output are hallmark findings of this dilating condition.
What is dilated cardiomyopathy?
Sudden weakness or slurred speech in these patients requires immediate emergency action because it may signal an embolic event.
What is a stroke?
Sudden severe ripping chest or back pain that radiates and causes collapse is highly suspicious for this life-threatening condition.
What is aortic dissection?
During IV hydralazine administration, these parameters must be checked every 5 minutes.
What are blood pressure and heart rate?
A sudden increase in respiratory rate with severe dyspnea and pink, frothy sputum indicates this emergency condition.
What is acute pulmonary edema?
Patients with ICDs can safely resume daily activities, but not this type of high-impact activity.
What is contact sports?
Fever, malaise, and signs of systemic emboli are common in this cardiac infection.
What is infective endocarditis?
Cool, shiny skin, weak pulses, and leg pain relieved by rest are hallmarks of this peripheral condition.
What is peripheral arterial disease (PAD)?
Patients receiving continuous vasodilators need this type of real-time monitoring for safety.
What is arterial-line blood pressure monitoring?
This extra heart sound often indicates fluid overload in a dilated ventricle and is common in HFrEF.
What is an S3 gallop?
Athletes recovering from this viral cardiac inflammation must avoid competitive exercise for at least 3–6 months.
What is myocarditis?
A patient recovering from this diagnosis must follow strict antibiotic regimens and maintain long-term cardiology follow-up.
What is endocarditis?
After emergent removal of pericardial fluid, the most reassuring sign that the procedure worked is this improvement.
What is a rise in blood pressure?
The first assessment priority after cardiopulmonary bypass is evaluating this essential function.
What is cardiac output?