Evidence for Common Ancestry
Name one of the five main lines of evidence listed for common ancestry.
What is fossils, homologous structures, vestigial structures, DNA/protein similarities, or embryology
The term for when a population produces far more offspring than can possibly survive.
What is overproduction or overproduction of offspring
The only evolutionary mechanism that consistently produces adaptations.
Term for when a species disappears entirely because change happens too fast and it lacks variation.
What is extinction
The group of animals whose DNA shows they are the closes living relatives of whales.
What is hippos
Structures that are similar in different species due to common ancestry.
What is homologous structures
The two main sources of heritable genetic variation mentioned on the study guide.
Random changes in allele frequencies that is especially important in small populations.
What is genetic drift
When the same environmental change causes one species' population to increase while another's decreases or faces extinction.
What is different outcomes from the same change
The fossil organism considered an early stage in whale evolution that still had hind legs.
What is Pakicetus
Structures that are reduced in function but were useful in ancestors.
What is a vestigial structure
In the Galapagos finches example, what environmental condition caused intense competition for food?
What is drought/seed shortage
In the MRSA example, what caused the resistant bacteria to become the majority of the population so quickly?
The 1800s example where tree bark color changed and affected which moth color survived better.
What is peppered moths
The temporary structure that appears in whale embryos but disappears before birth.
What is hind-limb buds
The requirement for strong evidence of common ancestry.
What is converge on the same conclusion
The process during sexual reproduction that creates new combinations of alleles.
What is genetic recombination
The movement of alleles into or out of a population, often due to migration.
What is gene flow
Process that can occur when populations of the same species are isolated and face different environmental pressures.
What is speciation
The approximate number of millions years ago that the land-mammal ancestors of whales lived.
What is about 50 million years ago.
What is fossils, homologous/vestigial structures, DNA/protein similarities, embryology, and biogeography
What is increased
Why can genetic drift sometimes amplify antibiotic resistance in small MRSA outbreaks?
Two modern examples of species affected (in opposite ways) by Artic sea-ice loss.
The series of organisms that show whale evolution from land to fully aquatic.
What is Pakicetus to modern whales