Atomic Theory
What part of an atom is positively charged?
Protons are positively charged.
What is the first element on the periodic table?
Hydrogen
Physical or Chemical change: Ice cream left out in the hot sun...and WHY?!
Physical change, because it's just a change of the phase of matter.
The periodic table is split into what two categories?
Metals and Non-metals
What tool do you use to find the MASS of a substance?
A scale!
How many shells does an atom in the second row of the periodic table have?
If it's in the second row, it will have two orbital shells around the nucleus.
Elements in the 2nd row of the periodic table, all have the same...?
Number of shells (2).
Physical or Chemical change: A pungent odor occurs when you coming two liquids together.
Chemical change because there was an odor released.
What is a chemical reaction?
Any change that involves the formation of a new substance. A chemical reaction has reactants and products.
Which chemical is yellow and smells like rotten eggs.
SULFUR!
What is the difference between a molecule and a compound?
A molecule can be one or two elements, but a compound but be two or more DIFFERENT elements.
Which two elements are MORE similar?
O & S ...or....S & Cl
O & S
Oxygen and Sulfur are in the same period (column), so they react similarly and both are missing 2 electrons to fill up their outer shell.
Physical or Chemical change: Crystal light packets, raspberry lemonade (Ms. GK's favorite) is dissolved into a glass of water.
Physical change! The substance is dissolving, but could be isolate again by having the water evaporate.
List the REACTANTS of this chemical equation: iron + oxygen --> rust
The reactants are iron + oxygen.
What is the ration of hydrogen to oxygen in a water molecule?
2:1 ratio
What is the relationship between elements and atoms?
An element is made up of atoms. An atom is the smallest part of an element that still holds all the properties of that element.
Give an example of two elements that bond nicely together.
Na +Cl =NaCl
H + O= H2O
What is the difference between a physical and a chemical change?
A physical change: no new substance is created, it could be a change of state. Chemical change: new substance IS forms, odor released, fire or explosion.
Define "metalloid".
an element who has properties of both metals and solid nonmetals.
Hydrogen is a _________________ and water is a ____________. Choices: element and compound.
Hydrogen is a ELEMENT and water is a COMPOUND.
What happens to an atom if it gains neutrons?
It becomes an isotope of that element.
Elements in the periodic table are arranged by...
atomic number
List two examples of a physical change. List two examples of a chemical change.
Answers may vary.
How many different types of metals are there?
There are 7: Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals
What is the chemical word equation for rust?
iron + oxygen --> rust