Industrialization Begins
This country was the first to industrialize due to access to coal, capital, and political stability.
Answer
What is Great Britain?
This invention by James Watt greatly improved steam engines and powered factories and transportation.
What is the steam engine?
This nation industrialized after the Meiji Restoration in 1868.
What is Japan?
This Scottish economist wrote The Wealth of Nations and supported free markets.
Who is Adam Smith?
The movement of people from rural areas to cities during industrialization.
What is urbanization?
The system where landowners fenced off common lands, forcing peasants to move to cities.
What is the Enclosure Movement?
This machine dramatically sped up cotton spinning and was invented by James Hargreaves.
What is the spinning jenny?
This large empire industrialized under leaders like Sergei Witte with heavy state involvement.
What is Russia?
This ideology argued that workers should control the means of production.
What is socialism?
These workers often faced long hours and dangerous conditions in factories.
Who are the working class / industrial laborers?
A new system where goods were produced in centralized locations using machines and wage labor.
What is the factory system?
This transportation innovation revolutionized trade and travel in the 1800s.
What are railroads?
This war helped accelerate industrialization in the United States due to wartime manufacturing.
What is the American Civil War?
These two thinkers wrote The Communist Manifesto in 1848.
Who are Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels?
This group grew significantly during industrialization and included professionals and business owners.
What is the middle class?
This industry led the early Industrial Revolution with inventions like the spinning jenny.
What is the textile industry?
This communication technology allowed messages to be sent instantly across long distances using Morse code.
What is the telegraph?
Industrialization spread globally in part through this system of global economic dominance by industrial powers.
What is imperialism?
Marx predicted conflict between these two classes in industrial society.
What are the bourgeoisie and proletariat?
Laws passed to improve working conditions, especially for women and children.
What are labor laws or factory acts?
The Industrial Revolution began in this century.
What is the 18th century?
This industrial process improved steel production in the mid-1800s.
What is the Bessemer Process?
A key factor in the Industrial Revolution in the USA?
What is human capital?
This economic policy advocated minimal government interference in markets.
What is laissez-faire capitalism?
This social reform movement aimed to improve conditions for workers and advocate collective bargaining.
What are labor unions?