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Describe the 6 principles used for relative dating
Original Horizontality-layers are originally deposited evenly and horizontally
Super Position-older layers are on bottom; newer ones are on top
Cross-cutting-relationships An igneous intrusive or fault cuts through existing layer and is younger
Inclusion-pieces of one rock contained within another. Inclusions are older than the rock containing it
the principle of lateral continuity-Grand Canyon
the principle of unconformities-a type of geologic contact—a boundary between rocks—caused by a period of erosion or a pause in sediment accumulation, followed by the deposition of sediments anew.
Describe several important aspects and events of the Paleozoic era
the breakup of Pannotia and creation of Pangaea.
Cenozoic era
66 million years ago until today
Mesozoic era
Age of Reptiles
Explain how relative dating is used to determine absolute age
absolute dating provides the actual age of a fossil in years by measuring the amount of a radioactive element.
Describe several important aspects and events of the Mesozoic era
Pangaea began separating into the modern continents, and the modern Rocky Mountains rose. Dinosaurs, crocodiles, and pterosaurs ruled the land and air.
Cross-cutting
a set of overarching big ideas that look and behave similarly across all STEM ......science, technology, engineering, and math. domain areas.
Paleozoic era
541-252 million years ago
Explain the concept of the geologic time scale
Describe several important aspects and events of the Cenozoic era
the rise of mammals, including human beings, and the evolution of angiosperms
Faunal succession
fossil organisms succeed one another in a definite and recognizable order through geologic time as recorded in the rock record.
Precambrian time
begins with the formation of the Solar System 4.57 billion years ago (bya) and extends to the beginning of the Cambrian 540 million years ago (Mya, or 0.54 bya).
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Geologic time scale
divides up the history of the earth based on life-forms that have existed during specific times since the creation of the planet.
Radiometric dating
Radiometric dating calculates an age in years for geologic materials by measuring the presence of a short-life radioactive element,
Describe several important aspects and events of Precambrian time
continents formed and our modern atmosphere developed, while early life evolved and flourished
how old is Diddy
55
inclusion
any material trapped inside a mineral as it forms.
Relative dating
the method scientists use to determine the approximate age of a structure based on its physical relationship to surrounding geologic structures.