Transcontinental Railroad
The primary purpose of the Transcontinental Railroad was to connect the _________ to the ___________.
East coast to West coast
__________ is taking care of livestock rather than crops.
Ranching
The _____________ was when industrial goods like iron, steel, and railroads were needed and used to rebuild the nation after the war and build America’s new cities
Industrial Revolution
Immigrants had to pass health examinations and answer questions to make sure they were not criminals and could work at ________________ in New York.
Ellis Island
________________ were a response to the low wages, long hours, and dangerous working conditions.
Labor Unions
Most of the labor for the Transcontinental Railroad was provided by _________ and __________ immigrant workers.
Irish and Chinese
This new invention helped with ranching because it allowed them to close off their farms.
Barbed Wire
This created a cheap way to transform iron into stronger, lighter steel.
Was an immigrant processing station in California primarily for Asian immigrants.
Angel Island
Because most monopolies were run by boards of trustees, monopolies became known as _________.
Trusts
This person had a monopoly over the railroad industry.
Cornelius Vanderbilt
DAILY DOUBLE:
The ______________ gave 160 acres of free western land to anyone who promised to farm the land for 5 years.
Some African Americans known as _______________ took advantage of this to escape the Jim Crow South.
Homestead Act / Exodusters
He invented the phonograph, audio, and battery as well as the first electric light bulb.
Thomas Edison
From 1880 to 1921, a record 23 million immigrants arrived in the US looking for jobs and opportunities, 70% of them came from _________ and ___________ ____________.
Southern and Eastern Europe
Name and describe one of the three strikes that were mentioned in section 5.
Chicago Haymarket Strike - unionists demanded an 8-hr day but when violence broke out, public opinion turned against unions
Homestead Strike at Carnegie Steel - federal troops were called to re-open the factory
Pullman Strike - When wages were cut, President Cleveland sent the army in to end the strike
The two tracks of the Transcontinental Railroad met at this spot in Utah.
Promontory Point
In the 1870s, Americans flooded into Sioux territory in South Dakota when gold was discovered. The Sioux, led by ________________, retaliated by ambushing Colonel Custer and all 197 soldiers in the Seventh Cavalry at ___________________.
Sitting Bull / Little Big Horn
This man converted his mills to the Bessemer process and made high quality steel at the lowest price, but also paid his employees very little.
Andrew Carnegie
About ⅔ immigrants settled in ethnic neighborhoods called _____________ which provided new immigrants with a sense of community and security, as the immigrants were surrounded by the familiar customs, food and language of their homeland
Enclaves
Many city governments were run by political machines which were parties led by a powerful boss who controlled a network of politicians. The most famous urban Many city governments were run by political machines which were parties led by a powerful boss who controlled a network of politician that defrauded millions was _______________.
Boss Tweed
Congress passed the ________________________ in 1882 which ended Chinese immigration to America.
Chinese Exclusion Act
This was the last Indian battle in US history where the US army attacked due to Indian's refusal to stop their ghost dances.
Wounded Knee
_____________ is when a company buys similar companies to reduce competition while ________________ lets companies buy other companies to gain material needed to make or deliver their products.
Horizontal Integration / Vertical Integration
This concept came up when many Americans accused immigrants of taking jobs away from “real” Americans and called for quotas that would limit the number of immigrants
Nativism
The ________________ argued that it is God’s will for some men to gain great wealth so they could serve the public
Gospel of Wealth