DNA
The name of the model for DNA.
The double helix model.
These two processes make up protein synthesis
Transcription and translation
Insertion and deletion are accompanied by these effects.
Always frameshift with missense or nonsense.
Humans have this many chromosomes which are then found in this many pairs of homologous chromosomes.
46; 23
DNA polymerase
The 3 components of a nucleotide.
(1) phosphate group (2) 5-carbon sugar (3) nitrogenous base
RNA differs from DNA by these 3 main ways.
(1) Ribose instead of deoxyribose (2) Uracil instead of thymine (3) Single stranded instead of double
UV, chemicals, x-rays, viruses are examples of these types of mutations in DNA.
This occurs during Prophase I and results in genetic variation.
Crossing over
This rule states that for every A in DNA, there is a corresponding T AND for every C there is a G. (A=T and =G)
Chargaff's rule
DNA replication is called this, due to the fact that replicated DNA contains one original strand and one new strand
Semi conservative
Transcription occurs at this location in a cell.
The nucleus
List the mutation type and effect for the following:
Original mRNA: AUGUAC
Mutated mRNA: AUGCUAC
Insertion; frameshift with missense
If a cat has 38 chromosomes, this many chromosomes will be present in gametes produced from meiosis.
19
tRNA matches this to the mRNA codon which brings this to the ribosome.
anitcodon; amino acid
This "unzips" DNA by breaking hydrogen bonds between base pairs.
Helicase
One amino acid is coded for by this many nitrogenous bases.
3 (1 codon = 3 bases)
List the mutation type and effect for the following:
Original mRNA: CUGAGC
Mutated mRNA: CUGUGC
Substitution; nonsense
This phase of meiosis creates two haploid cells with sister chromatids still intact.
Given a DNA sequence of GATACA, the corresponding mRNA would be _______ which codes for these amino acids.
CUAUGU - Leu Cys
Okazaki fragments are found on this strand during DNA replication.
Lagging strand
RNA polymerase does this after it unzips DNA in the nucleus.
Builds mRNA based on the template strand of DNA.
List the mutation type and effect for the following:
Original mRNA: CGAUGCAAU
Mutated mRNA: CGAUGUAAU
Substitution; silent
This is a picture of all 23 human chromosomes and pairs 1-22 are called this.
Karyotypes; autosomes
The central dogma of molecular biology states this.
DNA --> RNA --> proteins