18th Century Conflicts
Liberal Phase
Radical Phase
Napoleon
Miscellaneous
100
This conflict was fought over American independence, with France and Spain aiding the American colonists against Britain, further straining French finances
What is the American Revolutionary War?
100
This was France's traditional representative assembly of the three estates that was called in 1789 to address France's severe financial crisis
What is the Estates General?
100
This was the most brutal phase of the French Revolution marked by political purges and mass executions.
What is the Reign of Terror?
100
This unified law system applied to all territories conquered by Napoleon, which ensured equality before the law and and secured property rights
What is the Napoleonic Code?
100
She was a feminist activist during the French Revolution and was a radical voice for gender equality, social justice, and abolitionism. She was ultimately executed for her radical ideas
Who is Olympe de Gouges
200
This was a global conflict between Great Britain and France (and allies) for colonial supremacy and was fought in the Americas, Europe, and India. It resulted in solidifying Britain's global power and Prussia's status in Europe.
What is the Seven Years' War?
200
This revolutionary body was formed by the Third Estate in 1789 to demand more representation in government
What is the National Assembly?
200
This organization was established in order to defend the revolution and allowed members to imprison and condemn citizens for treason with little evidence
What is the Committee of Public Safety?
200
This was a an economic blockade proposed by Napoleon, which prevented British ships from docking at French ports and was intended to weaken England
What is the Continental System?
200
Leader of the the successful slave revolt in Haiti, transforming enslaved people into a formidable army that defeated French, Spanish, and British forces to establish Haiti as the world's first free Black republic
Who is Toussaint L'Ouverture?
300
This war was initiated when Prussia violated the Pragmatic Sanction and seized Silesia from Austria, beginning Prussia's rise as a major power
What is the War of Austrian Succession?
300
This was the foundational document of the French Revolution, establishing universal principles like liberty, equality, fraternity, and asserting natural rights.
What is "The Declaration of the Rights of the Man and of the Citizen"?
300
This group represented the urban poor in France who enthusiastically supported the revolution and Jacobins
Who are the Sans-Culottes?
300
This was an agreement Napoleon made with the Pope that re-established the Catholic Church in France but kept it under state control
What is the Concordat of 1801?
300
This author wrote "Reflections on the Revolution in France" and was critical of the radical change and argued for tradition, gradual reform, and established institutions
Who is Edmund Burke?
400
This conflict occurred when Charles II (Habsburg) died without a male heir, creating competing claims to the throne between the French Bourbons and Austrian Habsburgs
What is the War of Spanish Succession?
400
This refers to a list of grievances (usually about taxes) created by participants in the Estates-General
What are cahiers de doléances?
(Assembly of Notables)
400
He was charismatic leader of the French Revolution who contributed to the end of the monarchy but was ultimately executed in 1794 for calling for an end to the violence and criticizing corruption.
Who is Georges Danton?
400
This was the tactic Russia employed as they retreated from war with France to prevent them from acquiring resources.
What is "Scorched Earth"?
400
The policy of mass national conscription, famously implemented during the French Revolution to mobilize all citizens for war, creating a "people's army" for defense
What is Levée en masse?
500
This refers to the major realignment of European alliances in which Austria abandoned its traditional rivalry with France and instead allied with them to counter Prussia
What is the Diplomatic Revolution of 1756 (or Stately Quadrille)?
500
This act was passed in 1790 and brought the Catholic Church under state authority, making bishops and priests elected by citizens, not appointed by the pope
What is the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?
500
This refers to the conservative backlash in the French Revolution following the overthrow and execution of Maximilien Robespierre.
What is the Thermidorian Reaction?
500
This was a meeting of the major European powers to redraw the continent's political map after the Napoleonic Wars and aimed at restoring stability, balance of power, and supressessing revolutionary ideas by reinstating monarchies.
What is the Congress of Vienna?
500
This art style is best represented in Jean-Honore Frogonard's "The Swing".
What is rococo?