Mitosis Mayhem
To produce two identical daughter cells for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction.
What are the three main stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis.
What makes stem cells different from other cells?
They can divide indefinitely and differentiate into specialized cells.
What is cancer?
Uncontrolled cell division due to mutations in DNA.
Which process comes first: mitosis or cytokinesis?
Mitosis.
Name the four main phases of mitosis in order.
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
What happens during the G1 phase of interphase?
The cell grows and performs normal functions.
What is the difference between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells?
Embryonic stem cells can become any cell type, while adult stem cells are more limited.
What are tumors?
Abnormal masses of cells resulting from uncontrolled cell growth.
What is apoptosis?
In which phase do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
Metaphase
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase.
Why are stem cells important in medicine?
They can be used for regenerative treatments, like growing new tissues or treating diseases.
Identify at least one treatment for cancer.
Chemotherapy, radiation, surgery
What is the main difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms?
Unicellular is an organism made up of one cell, while multicellular organisms are made of multiple cells.
What structure pulls sister chromatids apart during anaphase?
The spindle fibers (attached to centrioles).
What is the G0 phase, and why do some cells enter it?
A resting phase where cells do not divide; some cells, like nerve cells, stay in G0 permanently.
What does "differentiation" mean in relation to stem cells?
The process by which a stem cells becomes a specialized cell type.
Name one environmental factor that can increase the risk of cancer.
UV radiation, smoking, certain chemicals, etc.
What process do cells use to make energy from glucose?
Cellular Respiration.
How is cytokinesis different in plant and animal cells?
In animal cells, a cell membrane only forms. In plant cells, a cell wall forms in addition to a cell membrane.
What is the checkpoint between G2 and mitosis checking for?
DNA replication errors and cell size.
It involves the destruction of embryos, which raises moral and ethical debates.
What is the difference between benign and malginant tumors?
Benign tumors do not spread, while malignant tumors invade other tissues (cancerous).
What does DNA stand for ?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid