Natural Selection
Mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations survive and reproduce more than those that do not have those beneficial adaptations.
What is natural selection?
Evolution in a single population.
What is microevolution?
A group of interbreeding individuals that create viable and fertile offspring.
What is a species?
All the alleles in population.
What is a gene pool?
Measure of the ability to survive and produce more offspring relative to other member of the population in a given environment
What is fitness?
What is genetic drift?
Traits not undergoing natural selection will have this type of distribution.
What is a normal distribution?
Process of creating a new species.
What is speciation?
An individuals ability to survive and reproduce more offspring means they have more of this.
What is fitness?
Process by which humans change a species by breeding it for certain traits
What is artificial selection?
What is a bottleneck effect?
Both extremes phenotypes are selected against and the intermediate phenotype is favored.
What is stabilizing selection?
Something that prevents a population from interbreeding.
What is a reproductive barrier?
The % of all the A alleles in a population.
What is allele frequency?
These are the 4 principles of natural selection.
A small population is started on a remote island. The gene pool is reduced to only 1 allele for hair color.
What is a founder effect?
ONE extreme phenotype is favored on only one end of the graph.
What is directional selection?
The land is drastically changed after a volcano eruption and devastating earthquake. Two populations of squirrels can no longer reach each other and the populations start to show changes overtime. (What barrier is this?)
What is a geographic barrier?
A group of birds flying together and living together to increase their chances of survival.
What is flocking?
Wrote "On the Origin of Species" in 1859 which stated that there is naturally occurring variations in traits and those with the best traits for their environment survive and reproduce.
Who is Darwin?
Changes in a population caused by non-random mating. Mates are chosen based off of winning a fight or displaying a trait.
What is sexual selection?
Both extremes phenotypes are favored and the intermediate phenotype is selected against.
What is disruptive selection?
A populations of birds now has one variation of bird that makes nests in trees to lay eggs. The other group now makes nests in burrows in the ground to lay their eggs. They no longer lay their eggs in the same places. The population starts to no longer interbreed. (What barrier is this?)
What is behavior reproductive barrier?
A group moving to a different location due to changes in weather or food availability.
What is migration?