Basics
4 nitrogenous bases of RNA
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil
____ is too big to leave the nucleus.
This type of RNA carries the message from the nucleus to the ribosome
mRNA
Location of where transcription happens
Nucleus
Location of where translation happens
Ribosome
RNA can be found in the nucleus and cytoplasm
True
The 3 bases on tRNA are called ____.
anticodon
A ribosome will continue to create a protein until it encounters a __________.
STOP codon
Transcribe the following from DNA to mRNA:
TACGATGACTAGCCGA
AUGCUACUGAUCGGCU
An mRNA strand is AUG-CUA-CCG. What would be the resulting tRNA anticodons?
UAC-GAU-GGC
What are the 2 parts of protein synthesis called?
Transcription and translation
Any change in the DNA sequence is called a _____.
mutation
What is the START codon and what amino acid does it code for?
AUG, Met
You use the ______ on mRNA to code for the amino acid.
codon
Translate the following mRNA sequence:
UUUCAUGUCAAGCGUUGA
Phenylalanine - Histidine - Valine - Lysine - Arginine - STOP
A codon is a sequence of how many bases?
3 bases
Translation turns _____ into ______.
mRNA, protein/amino acids
List the basic steps of protein synthesis
DNA --> mRNA --> protein
What is the product of transcription?
mRNA
Ribosomes read the mRNA strand ___ codon at a time. Each codon is made of ___ nitrogen bases.
1, 3
What are the 3 types of RNA?
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
The arrangement of amino acids/proteins will determine an organisms' _____.
Trait
What is the role of tRNA?
Brings amino acid to the ribosome
Work backwards on this tRNA sequence to find the mRNA sequence:
UCGGAUCAUGA
AGCCUAGUACU
___________ is what links amino acids together and creates a polypeptide (protein).
Peptide bonds