Unit 5, Quiz 1: Ancient Greece and Persia (8.1 and 8.2)

Early Greece and Greek Geography

1

The mainland portion of Greece, which is connected to the rest of Europe, is essentially this type of landform, which is almost surrounded by water.

Peninsula

1

Greece is situated between the Ionian Sea to the West and the Aegean Sea to the East. What larger sea, which separates Europe from Africa, lies to the South?

Mediterranean Sea

2

Crete was the home of this first civilization to establish a sea-based trading network around the region. What was this civilization?

Minoans

2

This civilization was really many different settlements spread around Greece, all of whom spoke an early form of the Greek language. As such, the Ancient Greeks actually claimed this group as their ancestors!

Mycenaeans

3

What TWO physical features made travel between Greek cities difficult, leading to the development of separate and independent societies?

The sea and Mountains

Political and Urban Organization

1

This term refers to the independent Greek city-states, and their surrounding farmland, that formed throughout Greece.

Polis (pularal-Poleis)

1

Within a Greek city-state, this was the walled area on top of a hill that contained the most important political and religious buildings.

acropolis

2

This term refers to the open marketplace and social meeting space that was a significant part of each Greek city-state.

agora

Types of Government

1

In this type of government, ONE individual serves as a king or a queen.

Monarchy

1

In this type of government, which was used by the Athenian aristocracy, a small group of people rule over the rest of the population.

Oligarchy

2

In this type of government, a single ruler maintains power by force, usually with the help of a military force. In ancient Greece, rulers that used this style of government were very popular.

Tyranny (tyrants)

2

This specific style of government was developed in Athens, and allowed all male citizens to vote on laws and decisions. In this specific type of government, all citizens voted on all decisions rather than electing someone to govern for them.

Direct Democracy

3

This type of government is used by countries around the world today, such as the United States and the United Kingdom. In this type of government, citizens elect others to run the government for them.

Representative Democracy

Greek Leaders and Events

1

He was well known for leading the effort to form very strict laws in Athens during the late 600s BC.

Draco

1

He was an aristocrat who overthrew the aristocracy and set up the first tyranny in Athens. He was known for creating new festivals and building new monuments and temples, which made him very popular with ordinary citizens.

Peisistratus

2

This leader is known as the "Father of Democracy" because he started the first democratic-style government while helping lead the government in Athens.

Cleisthenes

2

Under his leadership, Athens reached its peak height. He was elected to lead the people of Athens and worked hard to try and spread democracy to other Greek city-states.

Pericles

3

He is well known as the legendary leader of the Minoans. Legend says that he kept a minotaur in a labyrinth beneath his palace at Knossos.

King Minos