5.1/2
Reducing a government's role in the economy
Economic liberalization
When a state reduces its role in the economy and embraces free-market mechanism
Economic liberalization
A country adopting an SAP would likely have to agree to reduce _________ (2 correct answers)
Tariffs; subsidies
Political legitimacy (just legitimacy is OK)
This regional cleavage in Mexico increased due to uneven regional development following NAFTA
South-North
The Chinese government grants more free-market oriented policies in these regions
Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
Foreign Direct Investment
IMF stands for:
International Monetary Fund
This country has adopted gender quotas in an effort to promote gender equity in government
Mexico
In a migration pattern known as "brain drain", highly skilled and well-educated citizens often leave a country due to government corruption or repression. Name an AP 6 country this effects significantly
Nigeria/Iran
Want a loan? The IMF may require you to adopt one of these
Structural Adjustment Program (SAP)
This migration pattern can often be found in countries that are rapidly industrializing
Rural to urban
UK
This country's government has committed to reach net-zero emissions by 2050
UK
Lack of accountability, persistent corruption, and an increased disparity between rich and poor are all symptoms of this phenomenon
"Resource curse"
One of the ways that globalization can challenge regime sovereignty (4 possible answers)
A. FDI and MNCs challenge government's economic/political goals and principles
B. Western cultural influences provoke domestic backlash
C. Economic development leading to environmental problems that alienate citizens
D. Foreign governments bring political and economic pressure on countries who actions offend them
These organizations, like the WTO or EU, have sovereign powers over the national governments of member states
Supranational organizations
Beginning with the UK after World War II, every AP6 country except Mexico has adopted this model for healthcare
National Health Service
The Mexican government recently has allowed more investment in this major state-owned company
Pemex
This state-owned oil company collaborates with MNCs to extract Nigeria's most valuable resource
Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC)
Since the passage of NAFTA, many Mexican laborers have migrated North to work in these tariff and duty-free factories
Maquiladoras
A country looking to protect domestic industries and reduce dependence on foreign products may adopt this set of economic policies:
Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
A country facing a budget deficit may adopt these measures, which result in funding cuts to state programs
Austerity
Name a natural resource company that provides a major source of revenue to the Russian state (must name a specific company; 2 correct answers)
Rosneft (oil); Gazprom (gas)