Agricultural Practices
Farmers practicing this type of agriculture grow food primarily for their own consumption rather than for sale. What is this type of agriculture called?
What is subsistence farming?
In Von Thünen’s Model, what type of farming is closest to the city and why?
What is dairy farming and due to perishability?
Which revolution first introduced farming and domestication of plants and animals?
What is the First Agricultural Revolution?
What is the term for land degradation caused by overgrazing and deforestation?
What is desertification?
What term refers to large-scale, corporate-controlled farming operations?
What is agribusiness?
A farmer in the Midwest grows corn and raises livestock on the same land, using manure as fertilizer to maintain soil nutrients. What is the term for this sustainable agricultural system?
What is mixed crop and livestock farming?
Which theory explains how the cost of land decreases as distance from the city increases?
What is bid-rent theory?
Which agricultural revolution coincided with the Industrial Revolution and introduced mechanized farming? Also provide one specific invention.
What is the Second Agricultural Revolution? Seed drill, mechanical reaper, tractor, etc.
What environmental issue results from excessive irrigation and leads to soil infertility?
What is soil salinization?
Why have many small family farms in North America been replaced by agribusinesses since the 1980s?
What is because agribusinesses have more resources and access to advanced technology.
In regions with poor soil fertility, farmers may use a technique that involves clearing and burning small sections of forest to create temporary farmland. However, this method is not sustainable in areas with high population densities. What is this method called?
What is shifting cultivation (or slash-and-burn agriculture)?
According to Von Thünen’s Model, why is grain farming located farther from the city than dairy farming?
Because grain is non-perishable and cheaper to transport.
Which innovation was a key factor in the Green Revolution?
What are high-yield crop varieties (specifically wheat).
What is the primary environmental concern associated with palm oil production in Indonesia and Malaysia?
What is deforestation?
What economic concept explains why agribusinesses can produce food more cheaply than family farms?
What are economies of scale?
A commercial wheat farmer in Kansas can plant thousands of acres of crops. What type of farming is this, and is it considered intensive or extensive farming and why?
What is commercial grain farming, and it is capital-intensive because it requires significant investment in technology, equipment, and inputs like fertilizers and irrigation systems?
What type of agricultural land-use pattern is common in the Midwestern U.S., where farmland is divided into square plots?
What is a township and range survey system?
Where was the Green Revolution most successful? Why was the Green Revolution less successful in other areas and where was at least one place it was less successful?
What is India?
What is sub-Saharan Africa because many farmers could not afford the seeds, fertilizers, and technology needed.
What is the most significant long-term environmental impact of slash-and-burn (or shifting cultivation) agriculture?
What is loss of biodiversity due to deforestation.
What is a food desert and where do they occur?
What is areas where access to affordable, nutritious food is limited, often due to a lack of grocery stores (fresh food) or transportation options, and is commonly found in low-income urban and rural regions.
What type of agriculture is most common in dry regions and why?
What is nomadic pastoralism because it involves extensive grazing over large areas?
Compare bid rent theory and Von Thunen model. (Must include one way they are similar and one way they are different)
What is bid rent theory and the Von Thünen model both explain the spatial distribution of land use, but bid rent focuses on how land users compete for location based on costs and proximity to the market, while Von Thünen’s model emphasizes agricultural land use patterns around a central market, influenced by transportation costs.
What are two unintended negative consequence of the Green Revolution? Your answer must vary in ESPN.
Economic: Small-scale farmers often couldn't afford the new technology (seeds, fertilizers, and machinery), leading to a widening gap between wealthy and poor farmers.
Social: The shift to high-input farming increased rural-urban migration as small farmers lost their livelihoods, exacerbating poverty and social disruption in rural areas.
Political: The concentration of agricultural wealth in the hands of a few large landowners and corporations resulted in political power imbalances, sometimes leading to social unrest and weakened governance in certain regions.
Environmental: The intensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides contributed to soil degradation, water pollution, and loss of biodiversity, creating long-term environmental damage.
Why do developing countries experience higher risks when applying pesticides compared to developed countries?
Because pesticides are often applied by hand, increasing health risks for farmers.
What is a major social impact of women working in subsistence agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia?
What is they produce most of the food their families need for survival, but are often unpaid.