The Scientific Revolution
What was one important invention from the Scientific Revolution that allowed scientists to observe the natural world in new ways?
Telescope or Microscope
An agreement where people give up some freedoms in exchange for an organized society (2 words)
Social Contract
Which event is considered the start of the French Revolution?
The Storming of the Bastille
A major factor that contributed to the start of the Industrial Revolution in Britain
Coal and iron
What was one of the main economic reasons for European imperialism?
A need for more raw materials like rubber and oil
Which scientist proposed the heliocentric theory? (Last name starts with a C)
Nicolaus Copernicus
This Enlightenment philosopher wrote in his book, Leviathan, that strong central authority is necessary to avoid chaos and war. (last name starts with H)
Thomas Hobbes
The Estates General, the king of France's advisory body, was made up of representatives from each of the __________________ .
Three Estates
What was the main industry that the Industrial Revolution first transformed in Britain? (textile manufacturing, coal mining, agriculture, or steel production)
Textile Manufacturing
What technological advancements helped Europeans take control of other regions?
Superior weapons and transportation
Drawing conclusions based on detailed observations (2 words)
Inductive Reasoning
A ruler who embraced Enlightenment ideas while maintaining absolute power (E________ D_______)
Enlightened Despot
This significant document, inspired by the American Declaration of Independence, was adopted by the French National Assembly in 1789. (The D______ of the R_______ of M__ and C_______)
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Which social class benefited the most from the Industrial Revolution? (nobility class, working class, middle class, or peasants?)
Middle class
A region where a country controlled trade and decisions (S_____ of I________)
Sphere of Influence
A systematic approach to experimentation and observation in science (2 words)
Scientific Method
The philosopher Montesquieu came up with this political idea because he believed it would prevent tyranny. (S_______ of P_______)
Separation of Powers
Napoleon Bonaparte's rule as Emperor of France ended after his defeat at this battle. (The Battle of ________)
The Battle of Waterloo
What invention by James Watt greatly improved the efficiency of manufacturing during the Industrial Revolution?
Steam Engine Condenser
List one reason that was used to support/justify imperialism (how did people argue that Imperialism was okay?).
Social Darwinism: the idea that stronger nations would naturally dominate weaker ones
How did the Scientific Revolution change the way people viewed the world?
The Scientific Revolution promoted observation and experimentation to understand nature.
According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau, how should the social contract between people and government work?
Governments should be based on the general will of the people.
What reform did Napoleon implement that is still influential in many countries today?
The Napoleonic Code
List one social consequence of the Industrial Revolution.
The rise of factory-based child labor
What was one effect of imperialism on local cultures?
Local cultures were often changed or replaced by European influences.