Minerals
True or False: Minerals can consist of fossils from seashells and other living organisms?
False- Minerals can not be made of organic material
If a mineral has a shiny metallic appearance, this property is being measured.
What is luster?
The rock cycle describes the processes through which these three main rock types transform from one type into another. (Hint: Name the 3 rock types).
What are igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks?
This type of rock is formed from cooled lava or magma.
What are Igneous Rocks?
If a mineral breaks into a bunch of different pieces which no set pattern, it is said to have this property.
What is fracture?
This is a combination of letters and symbols which represents the chemical make up of a mineral.
What is a chemical formula?
If a mineral is able to scratch a penny and glass, this property is being measured.
What is hardness?
If we call molten rock that is underground magma, we call molten rock that breaks through the surface by this name.
What is lava?
This type of rock requires extreme temperature and pressure to form.
What are metamorphic rocks?
If an Igneous rock that forms deep within the Earth is called an intrusive rock, what do we call an Igneous rock that forms ON Earth's surface?
What is extrusive?
True or false: the chemical composition of mineral is definite and does not vary.
What is True?
If a mineral leaves a yellow trail when scraped against unglazed porcelain, this property is being measured.
What is streak?
Rocks can help tell us information about the area at the time the rocks were formed. If a rock contains a seashell, it can tell us this about the area.
What is the area was once covered by water?
This type of rock is formed from rocks that undergo weathering and erosion.
What are Sedimentary Rocks?
Minerals that are valued because they contain large amounts of a useful metallic elements are called this.
Ore
These are the most abundant minerals in Earth's crust and mantle.
What are silicates (made of silicon, oxygen and a metal)?
If a mineral is hit with a hammer and it breaks into cubes, this property is being measured.
What is cleavage?
Igneous rocks that form deep within the surface of the Earth typically have much bigger forms of these.
What are crystals?
Which type of rock will be formed if sedimentary rock becomes molten?
What is Igneous Rock?
We use these two words when sediment is pushed together by weight and glued together in the final stages of sedimentary rock formation.
What are Compaction and Cementation?
A mineral must have this feature which is defined as the particular repeating arrangement of atoms (molecules or ions) throughout.
This property of matter measures the mass per unit of volume and can be found through water displacement.
What is density? Mass/Volume
How long does it typically take for a rock to undergo a stage within the rock cycle?
Thousands to billions of years.
Does the rock cycle only have one specific direction? Why or why not?
No, the rock cycle can begin and end at in point in the cycle meaning that any rock can transform into any one of the three rock types.
Metamorphic rocks that have mineral grains with random, interlocking texture are called this.
What is non-foliated?