Inflammation Basics
Redness, swelling, heat/warmth, pain, and loss of function.
What are the five cardinal signs of inflammation?
The two primary risk factors for Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD).
What are H. pylori infection and chronic use of NSAIDs?
The location where pain from Cholecystitis is assessed, which may radiate to the right shoulder or scapula.
What is the Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)?
This IBD condition is confined to the colon only and is characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation.
What is Ulcerative Colitis (UC)?
This mucosal protectant antiulcer drug forms a protective paste over the ulcer site and must be separated from antacids/PPIs.
What is Sucralfate?
his primary white blood cell (WBC) responder is responsible for a massive increase in circulating numbers 4–5 fold within hours of an acute inflammatory response.
What are Neutrophils?
These critical non-pharmacological interventions include elevating the head of the bed and avoiding meals at least 3 hours before bedtime.
What are lifestyle changes to decrease GERD symptoms?
This change in pain presentation, accompanied by fever, tachycardia, and a rigid, board-like abdomen, indicates a life-threatening complication like perforation or strangulation.
What is pain that changes from colicky or intermittent to constant and severe?
This IBD condition is characterized by transmural inflammation, skip lesions, and commonly affects the terminal ileum.
What is Crohn's Disease (CD)?
The drug class, exemplified by esomeprazole, that decreases gastric acid secretion and is often administered before meals for GERD and PUD
What are Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)?
Inflammation categorized by duration, with the shorter type being self-limiting and typically lasting minutes to days, while the longer type continues for weeks to years, resulting in repeated tissue destruction and repair.
What are Acute and Chronic inflammation?
The antibiotic used to treat H. pylori that requires the patient to ABSOLUTELY AVOID ALL ALCOHOL due to the risk of a severe disulfiram-like reaction.
What is Metronidazole HCl?
The key nursing intervention following laparoscopic cholecystectomy used to promote the absorption of carbon dioxide gas that causes discomfort in the thorax and shoulders.
What is encouraging early ambulation?
This complication is COMMON in Crohn's Disease, often involving tracts between the bowel and other organs, but is RARE in Ulcerative Colitis.
What is fistula formation?
The acid-base imbalance that results from the excessive loss of hydrogen ions from gastric juice due to profuse vomiting in a proximal Small Bowel Obstruction
What is Metabolic Alkalosis?
This is the outcome when an acute inflammatory response is inadequate or fails to eliminate a threat, leading to continued growth and spread of pathogens.
What is an increased risk for Sepsis?
A serious and potentially life-threatening concern that requires GERD to be treated more aggressively in older adults due to decreased protective reflexes.
What is Aspiration Pneumonia?
The nursing intervention implemented to decompress the stomach and intestine, maintain NPO status, and prevent further distention in a patient with an intestinal obstruction.
What is inserting a Nasogastric Tube (NGT) to suction?
The required dietary pattern for preventing the progression of diverticulosis (pouches without inflammation).
What is a HIGH-FIBER diet?
The reason why analgesics, such as opioids, may be temporarily withheld from a patient experiencing intestinal obstruction during the diagnostic workup.
What is to prevent masking signs of perforation or peritonitis?
Additional tissue damage caused by the increased blood flow, vascular permeability, and exudate movement that results in compression-based trauma.
What is a consequence of excessive inflammation (in a critical area like the spinal cord)?
This is the symptom status reported by many adults with active duodenal or gastric ulcers, emphasizing the need for critical risk factor assessment.
What is having NO symptoms?
These late-stage symptoms of chronic cholecystitis, including jaundice, dark urine, and clay-colored stools, indicate complete biliary obstruction.
What are signs of bile backing up into the system?
This specific type of vitamin supplementation is often required monthly in Crohn's Disease patients because the disease frequently impacts the terminal ileum where the vitamin is absorbed
What are Vitamin B12 injections?
This drug class, used for IBD exacerbations, is prescribed only on a short-term basis and must NEVER be stopped suddenly due to the risk of adrenal insufficiency.
What are Glucocorticoids (Steroids)?