Plant Reproduction
How do ferns reproduce?
Spores on the bottom of leaves (female plants only)
What part of the plant contains the most chloroplasts?
The leaves
What type of biomolecule is ATP?
Nucleic acid
What biomolecule is an enzyme?
A protein.
What is cellular respiration?
The process of turning nutrients (food) into energy (ATP)
What products do we create via cellular respiration that plants use as reactants?
Carbon dioxide.
What is the difference between an angiosperm and a gymnosperm?
What is the benefit of having a cuticle?
To prevent water loss.
What does ATP synthase do?
It is the enzyme that adds a phosphate back on to ADP to create ATP.
How do enzymes speed up reactions?
They LOWER the activation energy.
Define reactant and product.
Reactant are the things that go into the chemical reaction while the product is what comes out. For example: photosynthesis. Water and carbon dioxide are reactants and oxygen and glucose are products.
Which statement BEST describes the biological process of photosynthesis?
A. Chemical energy is transformed into light energy and oxygen is released.
B. Light energy is transformed into chemical energy and oxygen is released.
C. Chemical energy is transformed into light energy and carbon dioxide is released.
D. Light energy is transformed into chemical energy and carbon dioxide is released.
B. Light energy is transformed into chemical energy and oxygen is released.
What type of plant is non vascular?
Mosses
What is the purpose of a stomata?
They regulate the gas exchange in plants. Oxygen out and carbon dioxide in. They will close off to prevent water loss.
Name the parts that make up an ATP molecule.
3 phosphates, a sugar, adenine base.
What is activation energy?
The amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur.
List the steps of cellular respiration and where they occur.
Glycolysis: happens in the cytoplasm
Krebs cycle: Mitochondrial matrix
Electron transport chain: Mitochondrial membrane
What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
For plants to create food.
What does it mean to be vascular?
You have phloem and xylem. Phloem transports food while xylem transports water.
What is the purpose of a stem?
To provide structural support and to contain the vascular tissue (xylem and phloem)
Why do we call ATP a rechargeable battery?
When energy is consumed it is stored for later in the form of ATP. When energy is needed a phosphate breaks off and energy is released. When you eat again then another phosphate group is added to form ATP once again.
What is the area called where an enzyme binds to the substrate?
The active site.
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic reactions?
Aerobic reactions require oxygen, generate more ATP, and happen in eukaryotes
Anaerobic reactions do not require oxygen, are faster, and generate less atp.
There are 2 types lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation.
What is the difference between a light dependent reaction and a light independent reaction (besides the fact that one needs light and the other does not)
Light dependent reactions use light and water to generate oxygen, ATP, and NADPH that are then needed for the calvin cycle.
Light independent reactions use carbon dioxide and ATP to create glucose for the plant.
What are the male and female parts of a flower.
Female part is the pistil the male part is called the anther and filament.
Name the 4 categories of plants and give an example of each.
Bryophytes: moss
Ferns: Green Fern
Angiosperm: strawberries
Gymnosperms: Pine trees
ATP synthase is an enzyme that helps convert ADP into ATP. Highly active ATP synthase in muscle cells directly increases which of the following?
A. the number of cell divisions in muscle cells
B. the number of mitochondria in muscle cells
C. the amount of energy needed by muscle cells
D. the amount of energy available to muscle cells
D. the amount of energy available to muscle cells
Provide a real life example of an enzyme and it's substrate.
Example: Lactase and lactose
Amylase and glucose.
Write out the formula for cellular respiration.
C6H1206 + 6O2 -> 6H20 + 6Co2 + ATP
Write out the formula for photosynthesis.
Light energy + 6Co2 + 6H20 -> 6O2 + C6H12O6